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Health Assessment final > Ears > Flashcards

Ears Flashcards

1
Q

What is the ear canal considered?

A

External ear

About 1 inch long and narrows in the middle

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2
Q

Where does the middle ear start?

A

Tympanic membrane

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3
Q

What is the tympanic membrane?

A

Thin, grayish membrane that separates external ear from internal ear

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4
Q

What do the eustachian tubes do?

A

Drain and equalize pressure in the ear

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5
Q

What does increased pressure in the ear lead to?

A

Vertigo

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6
Q

What is part of the inner ear?

A

Cochlea

Hair/cilia inside cochlea - organ of corti

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7
Q

What are cilia for?

A

Picking up different pitches/frequencies

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8
Q

How does hearing occur?

A

Vibration travel through the ear canal, vibrate the tympanic membrane, through ossicles, to cochlea/organ of corti, to CN VIII, to temporal lobe

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9
Q

Where should the helix of the ear be located?

A

At or above the outer canthus

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10
Q

What is the auricle?

A

The external ear

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11
Q

What is the antihelix?

A

Parallel and anterior to the helix

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12
Q

What is the antitragus?

A

Opposite the auditory canal opening

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13
Q

What is the external auditory canal?

A

2.5-3 cm length, narrow mid-way and widens near the eardrum

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14
Q

What is the otitis externa?

A

Outer ear infection

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15
Q

What is otitis media?

A

Middle ear infection (behind tympanic membrane)

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16
Q

What is the middle ear?

A

Air filled cavity in temporal bone separated from external ear by tympanic membrane

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17
Q

How do you inspect an adult ear?

A

Pull up and back

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18
Q

How do you inspect and child ear?

A

Pull down and back

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19
Q

What is the upper section of the TM called?

A

Pars flaccida

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20
Q

Where is the cone of light in the right ear?

A

5:00

21
Q

Where is the cone of light in the left ear?

A

7:00

22
Q

What happens in an infection?

A

Concavity is pushed out -> can’t see landmarks
Dim cone of light
TM rip if there’s enough fluid

23
Q

Why do children more frequently get middle ear infections?

A

Because of shape and length of middle ear

24
Q

What is the inner ear?

A

Curved cavity with a bony labyrinth consisting of a vestibule, semicircular canals, cochlea

25
Q

What does the cochlea contain?

A

Organ of corti, which transmits sound impulses to the Cranial Nerve VIII

26
Q

What is normal hearing?

A

Air conduction

27
Q

What is conductive hearing loss?

A

When changes in outer or middle ear impairs conduction of sound to inner ear
Ex: something blocking

28
Q

What is sensorineural hearing loss?

A

Impairment of the Organ of Corti

Number one cause: old age

29
Q

What is mixed hearing loss?

A

Conductive hearing loss and sensorineural hearing loss

30
Q

What should you inspect for the outer ear?

A 
Auricle - at or above outer canthus
List piercings and where they are
Deformities?
Lumps?
Crystals?
Discharge?
Pimples?
Moles?
Drainage from external ear? Pull up and back and look with pen light for drainage
31
Q

What should you palpate for the outer ear?

A

Tenderness, masses
Mastoid process for tenderness
Tragus for tenderness

32
Q

Which ear should be examined first if the pt complains of pain?

A

The good ear

33
Q

What occurs in otitis media?

A

Red, bulging drum, loss of landmarks, dilated blood vessels may cause spontaneous rupture & conductive hearing loss

34
Q

How do you test auditory acuity?

A

Ask pt to occlude 1 ear at a time

Use whisper test, ticking watch test, or weber test

35
Q

What is the whisper test?

A

Whisper 2 syllable word about 2 feet away from pt

36
Q

What is the weber test?

A

Tuning fork test

37
Q

Where does sound lateralize during weber test in conductive hearing loss

A

Impaired ear

38
Q

Where does sound lateralize during weber test in sensorineural hearing loss

A

Good ear

39
Q

What is the rinne test?

A

Comparing air conduction to bone conduction

40
Q

Which should be louder during rinne test: air conduction or bone conduction?

A

Air conduction

41
Q

Which will be louder during rinne test in conductive hearing loss: air conduction or bone conduction?

A

BC > AC

42
Q

Which should be louder during rinne test in sensorineural hearing loss: air conduction or bone conduction?

A

AC > BC

43
Q

What is CN II?

A

Optic

Test visual acuity with Snellen chart

44
Q

What is CN III?

A 
Oculomotor
EOM
Test with raising eyebrows (levetator palpebral movement)
H with finger
Pupillary movement - pen light
45
Q

What is CN IV?

A

Trochlear
Test using H with finger
EOM

46
Q

What is CN V?

A

Trigeminal

Corneal reflex

47
Q

What is CN VI?

A

Abducens
EOM
Test by H with finger

48
Q

What is CN VIII?

A

Vestibulocochlear/Auditory
Hearing
Whisper test
Weber test

Health Assessment final (6 decks)

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