Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physical Assessment > Ears > Flashcards

Ears Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three compartments of the ear?

A

-External ear
-Middle ear
-Inner ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What comprises the external ear?

A

The auricle and ear canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the auricle?

A

Consists of cartilage covered by the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the outer curve of the ear called?

A

Helix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is parallel and anterior to the helix?

A

The antihelix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the Tragus?

A

A modular protrusion that points backward over the entrance to the canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the approximate length of the ear canal

A

24mm long

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is at the end of the ear canal?

A

Tympanic membrane
*Ear drum
*Marks the medial limit of the external ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the function of the external ear?

A

Capture sound waves for transmission into the middle and inner ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the middle ear filled with?

A

Air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are ossicles?

A

Tiny bones that function to transform sound vibrations from the external ear into mechanical waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the three ossicles in the middle ear?

A

Malleus
Incus
Stapes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which ossicles are visible through the TM

A

Malleus and the incus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the middle ear connect to?

A

Connects to the nasopharynx via the proximal end of the Eustachian tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the function of the Eustachian tube?

A

It ventilates the middle ear space and allows for pressure regulation between the middle ear and surrounding environment
*Will also drain mucus from middle ear into the nasopharynax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the inner ear composed fo?

A

Cochlea
Semicircular canals
Otolith organs
*In the vestibule
Distal end of vestibulocochlear nerve VIII (CN VIII)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the function of the cochlea?

A

Dedicated to hearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the function of the semicircular canals and the otolith organs?

A

Balance/Equilibrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What do the semicircular canals, otolith organs, and the cochlea form?

A

The labyrinth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the first part of the hearing process?

A

Conductive phase
*from external ear through the middle ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the second part of the hearing process?

A

Sensorineural phase (inner ear)
*cochlea to the nerve
*CN VIII vestibulocochlear

22
Q

If you have conductive hearing loss what structures are affected?

A

Disorders of the external and middle ear

23
Q

If you have sensorineural hearing loss what structures are affected?

A

Inner ear

24
Q

What is air conduction?

A

The normal first phase in the hearing pathway
*sound waves travel through the air transmitted from the external and middle ear to the cochlea

25
Q

What is bone conduction (Alternative pathway)

A

Bypasses the external and middle ear
*can be used to determine hearing loss

26
Q

In normal situation what should last longer AC or BC?

A

AC>BC

27
Q

What is otitis externa?

A

Inflammation of the external ear canal

28
Q

What is otitis media?

A

Infection of the middle ear

29
Q

What is tinnitus and what should be suspected when a patient has tinnitus?

A

Ringing in the ears
*vertigo or Meniere disease

30
Q

What are symptoms of vertigo?

A

Feeling like the room is spinning

31
Q

What is the tug test?

A

Use if ear pain, discharge, or inflammation is present
*Move the auricle up and down press the tragus

32
Q

How should you move the patients ear when examining the TM?

A

gently upward, backward, and slightly away from the head

33
Q

What are exostosis?

A

Non-tender modular swelling covered by normal skin deep in the ear canal
*caused by repeated exposures to cold water
*benign
*Surfers Ear

34
Q

What is the whisper test used for?

A

To test auditory acuity
*CN VIII

35
Q

When do you use the Weber and Rinne fork test?

A

For patients who failed the whispered voice test
*Used to determine if the hearing loss is conductive or sensorineural
*if hearing loss is suspected

36
Q

What tuning fork do you use for Weber and rinne tests?

A

512Hz

37
Q

What does the Weber test test for?

A

Lateralization
*Place in the midline

38
Q

For conductive hearing loss where does the sound lateralize to? (Weber test)

A

The affected ear

39
Q

For sensorineural hearing loss where does the sound lateralize to? (Weber test)

A

The good ear
*CN VIII impairment in the other ear (affected side)

40
Q

What does the Rinne test test for?

A

Compare AC to BC

41
Q

If there is conductive hearing loss which is longer AC or BC?

A

BC=AC or BC>AC

42
Q

If there is sensorineural hearing loss what is longer AC or BC?

A

AC>BC

43
Q

What is a tophi?

A

A deposit of uric acid crystal characteristic of chronic tophaceous gout
*appear in the helix or antihelix
*Develops after chronic sustained high blood levels of Uric acid

44
Q

What is a chondrodematitis helicis?

A

Chronic inflammatory lesion starts as a painful, tender papule on the helix or antihelix

45
Q

What is tympanosclerosis?

A

Chalky white patches
Does not impair hearing
May follow an episode of otitis media
*Benign

46
Q

What encases the outer 1/3 of the ear canal?

A

Cartilage
Hair
Cerumen

47
Q

What encases the inner 2/3 of the canal?

A

Bones
Hairless

48
Q

What can causes pain during the ear examination?

A

Pressing on the inner 2/3 of the ear canal

49
Q

What is bulbous myringitis?

A

Common sequela presenting with painful hemorrhagic vesicles on the TM

50
Q

What causes a serous effusion

A

URI
OR sudden changes in the atmospheric pressure

*collection of non-infected fluid in the middle ear

Physical Assessment (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions