early settlers, Mormons and Gold miners Flashcards

1
Q

key features of geography in America.

A

Mountains, rivers and long grass.

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2
Q

Problems people would face when crossing America?.

A

difficult terrain, weather, Native Indians, disease, accidents food shortages.

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3
Q

What is Manifest Destiny?.

A

The right of an American to occupy the whole of America.

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4
Q

Who first said manifest destiny, In what and when?.

A

John L. Sullivan, in the morning post, 1845

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5
Q

Where were the early settlers traveling?.

A

West, to Oregon and California

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6
Q

3 push factors.

A

Disease, overpopulation, economic problems.

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7
Q

3 pull factors.

A

Cheap land, gold, out of U.S territory

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8
Q

Who were the Donner party?.

A

a group of travellers who crossed the plains. Got stranded in the winter and resorted to cannibalism

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9
Q

other name for Mormons?.

A

Latter Day Saints

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10
Q

Founder of the Mormons?.

A

Joseph Smith

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11
Q

Non-Mormons name?.

A

Gentiles

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12
Q

Name of Mormon army?.

A

The Nauvoo legion

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13
Q

Why did people dislike the Mormons?.

A

polygamy. feared their power, the Mormons were nice to slaves and Indians, Growing pop. kept converting people.

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14
Q

What is polygamy.

A

Marrying 2+ wives

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15
Q

Why was Joseph Smith Killed?.

A

He threatened to become president, too powerful, and he shut down the Mormon newspaper that criticised him

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16
Q

Who was the next leader of the Mormons?.

A

Brigham Young

17
Q

Where did Brigham young go?.

A

Salt Lake City.

18
Q

When did Young leave for SSS?.

A

feb. 1846

19
Q

How did the Mormons have a successful journey to SSS?.

A

Organisation, inner regiments, Young was intelligent, winter camps, people stayed at posts along the trail to SSS.

20
Q

Why were the Mormons successful?.

A

Organised, skilled workers, hard working, did not drink.

21
Q

Where was SSS located?.

A

Utah

22
Q

Why could Utah not become a state?.

A

Polygamy, rapid pop. increase.

23
Q

When was the mountain meadows massacre? .

A

Autumn of 1857

24
Q

What was the MMM.

A

The Mormons killed around 140 travellers and then blamed it on the Indians.

25
Q

How did the MMM help end the Utah war? In what year?

A

Bad-Publicity meant the war ended in 1858 with a compromise..

26
Q

When and why did Utah become a state?.

A

1896, made peace with U.S and stopped polygamy.

27
Q

Who first found Gold and where?.

A

James W. Marshall in the Sacramento Valley.

28
Q

When was the Californian gold rush?.

A

jan. 1849

29
Q

problems minors faced:.

A

No law and order, No plots of land left to mine, racist ideology, low wages, bad working conditions.

30
Q

How did California’s population grow from 1849-52.

A

People flocking there to “get 1000 dollars a day”