Early Childhood Flashcards
Executive Function
Cognitive ability to organize and prioritize many thoughts that arise from various parts of the brain, allowing person to anticipate, strategize, and plan behavior
Injury
Happens all the time. May affect the child. Etc., etc.
Maltreatment
Can cause victims to feel isolation, fear, distrust. Can translate into lifelong psychological consequences such as educational difficulties, low self-esteem, depression, and trouble forming/maintaining relationships
Intentional harm to, or avoidable endangerment of, anyone under 18 years of age
Motor Development
Perception, cognition, language, communication, emotional expression and regulation, physical growth and health, etc.
Symbolic Thought
Major accomplishment of preoperational intelligence that allows child to think symbolically, including understanding that words can refer to things not seen and that an item, such as a flag, can symbolize something else
Centration
Characteristic of preoperational thought in which young children child focuses on one idea, excluding all others
Conservation
Principle that amount of a substance remains the same even when its appearance changes
Parenting
Authoritarian= Characterized by high behavioral standards, strict punishment of misconduct, and little communication from child to parent
Permissive= Characterized by high nurturance and communication but little discipline, guidance, or control
Authoritative= Parents set limits and enforce rules but are flexible and listen to their children
Neglectful/Uninvolved= Parents seem indifferent toward their children, not knowing or caring about their children’s lives
Guidance
Scaffolding= Temporary support that is tailored to a learner’s needs and abilities and aimed at helping the learner master the net task in a given learning process
Building encouraging setting for everyone
Help child they can learn from their mistakes
Play forms and types
Unoccupied play
Solitary play
Onlooker play
Parallel play
Associative play
Cooperative play
