Ear-Inner

Question 1

A slow-growing, benign tumor of CN 8 (vestibulocochlear)

Answer 1

Acoustic neuroma

Question 2

An acoustic neuroma can grow large enough to compress what other cranial nerve?

Answer 2

Facial (VII - leads to facial palsy)

Question 3

Diagnoses of an acoustic neuroma would include what type of imaging?

Answer 3

CT scan of the head

Question 4

Hearing loss due to age is called?

Answer 4

Presbycusis

Question 5

The most common cause of sensorineural hearing loss?

Answer 5

Loud noise (acoustic trauma)

Question 6

List the two basic types of hearing loss:

Answer 6

1. Conductive

2. Sensorineural

Question 7

____ hearing loss can be classified as anything that interferes with sound travel from the outer ear to the oval window.

Answer 7

Conductive

Question 8

In ____ hearing loss, the conduction of sound to the oval window is okay, but the cochlea, acoustic nerve, or brain is dysfunctional

Answer 8

Sensorineural

Question 9

Which type of hearing loss is usually permanent?

Answer 9

Sensorineural

Question 10

Presbycusis usually affects ___-frequency sounds

Answer 10

High (make it harder to hear female voices and ability to hear in crowded places)

Question 11

Who would you refer a patient to for a definitive diagnoses of hearing loss?

Answer 11

Audiologist

Question 12

Name two tests that will help determine if hearing loss is conductive or sensorineural:

Answer 12

1. Weber test

2. Rinne test

Question 13

Name for the hearing test where patient wears headphones?

Answer 13

Audiometry

Question 14

This type of hearing test measures the mobility of the eardrum as different pressures are applied to the ear canal

Answer 14

Tympanometry/Impedence testing

Question 15

Surgical incision into the eardrum to relieve pressure or drain fluid

Answer 15

Myringotomy

Question 16

Electronic devices that amplify sounds. This is the only treatment for most age-related hearing loss

Answer 16

Hearing aids

Question 17

This is a hearing device for people with SEVERE sensorineural hearing loss. A wire runs directly to the inner ear, stimulating CN 8

Answer 17

Cochlear implants

Question 18

“Paresthesia of the ear”. Patient hears noises when there are none present

Answer 18

Tinnitus

Question 19

Name 3 ototoxic drugs:

Answer 19

1. Antibiotics
2. NSAIDs
3. Certain chemo drugs

Question 20

What is the first hearing test you should perform if hearing loss is suspected?

Answer 20

Auditory acuity (rustle fingers, compare side to side)

Question 21

3 inputs contribute to our sense of balance, body position, and motion. Name them:

Answer 21

1. Afferent from EYES
2. Afferent from PROPRIOCEPTORS
3. Afferent from INNER EAR

Question 22

Fancy name for an inner ear infection?

Answer 22

Labyrinthitis

Question 23

What are the fluid-filled passages of the inner ear that control balance called?

Answer 23

Labyrinth

Question 24

Labyrinthitis is almost always caused by?

Answer 24

Viral infection

Question 25

Name 3 common symptoms for labyrinthitis:

Answer 25

1. Dizziness, vertigo
2. Loss of balance
3. Loss of hearing (unilateral)

Question 26

A recurring disorder that is caused by fluid accumulation in the inner ear (unknown etiology). It is characterized by periods of severe vertigo lasting for minutes to hours.

Answer 26

Meniere’s Disease

Question 27

Some patients can tell when they are about to have an episode by the following: explosions of spots (visual), tinnitus, head feels full, sweating

Answer 27

Ménière’s disease

Question 28

Paxil is a medication used to reduce _____

Answer 28

Anxiety

Question 29

T/F: there is a known cure for Meniere’s disease

Answer 29

FALSE

Question 30

A feeling of extreme spinning sensation when patient looks up or to one side, or when lying on one side. Sx only last about a minute.

Answer 30

Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV)

Question 31

This disease is due to displacement of otoliths in the inner ear

Answer 31

Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV)

Question 32

Name for the “little ear stones” in the utricle and saccule?

Answer 32

Otoconia/otoliths

Question 33

The most common cause for BPPV in younger people?

Answer 33

Head injury

Question 34

Test for BPPV?

Answer 34

Dix-Hallpike

Question 35

Test to differentiate BPPV from cervicogenic vertigo?

Answer 35

Rotating stool test (nothing to do with bowel movement…literally a stool (chair))

Question 36

Popular treatment for BPPV is the ____ maneuver

Answer 36

Epley

Question 37

Vertigo due to abnormal proprioceptive input from the cervical spine (esp. occiput-C3, and suboccipitals/SCM)

Answer 37

Cervicogenic vertigo