Ear and oral cavity Flashcards
what is the somatic sensation of the external ear?
variations CN 5, 7, 9, 10
lesser occipital nerve: C2 ventral ramus
great auricular nerve: C2, C3
what are the ossicles lateral to medial?
malleus, incus, stapes
what interacts with the tympanic membrane?
handle of the malleus
what goes through the handle of the malleus?
chorda tympani
where does the lesser petrosal nerve form a synapse with the otic ganglion for the parotid gland?
medial wall, promontory with tympanic plexus
where does the glossopharyngeal nerve originate?
lateral medulla oblongata and through the jugular foramen
what does the tympanic nerve innervate?
the middle ear mucosal surface
what gives off the lesser petrosal nerve?
tympanic nerve
what does the stylopharyngeal nerve innervate
the stylopharyngeal muscle
branchial/ somatic motor
what does the carotid sinus regulate?
blood pressure (visceral sensory)
what does the carotid body regulate?
SaO2, chemical sensation
what are the functions of the lingual branch of CN 9?
chemical sensation: taste of posterior 1/3 of tongue
somatic sensation: posterior 1/3 tongue and pharynx
what are the branches of CN 9?
tympanic nerve, stylopharyngeal nerve, carotid branch, lingual branch, communicating branches to the vagus nerve
what is the innervation and function of the tensor tympani?
function: tenses tympanic membrane, decrease the vibration to dampen chewing **coordinated with mastication muscles
innervation: tensor tympani nerve from CN V3
what is the function and innervation of the stapedius?
function: dampens vibrations passed to cochlea via the oval window
innervation: nerve to stapedius from CN 7
what is hyperacusis?
a disorder in loudness perception
what is the cochlear compartment of the inner ear?
hearing, through cochlear division of CN 8
organ of corti
what is the vestibular compartment of the inner ear?
proprioception and balance through vestibular division of CN 8
what is the blood supply for the inner ear?
branches from the AICA- labyrinthine a. and common cochlear a.
what are the framing structures of the hard palate?
maxilla: superior alveolar process
palatine bone: horizontal plate
what is the innervation of the oral cavity?
maxillary nerve (CN V2)- superior alveolar nerve (posterior, middle, anterior)
mandibular nerve (CN V3): inferior alveolar nerve, buccal n. lingual n.
what are the muscles of the soft palate?
tensor veli palatini, levator veli palatini, uvula
what is the innervation of the tensor veli palatini?
CN V3
what is the innervation of the levator veli palatini?
CN 10
what are the superior extrinsic muscles of the tongue?
palatoglossus, styloglossus
what is the function and innervation of the palatoglossus?
function: elevate posterior tongue (swallow) or depress soft palate (breath)
innervation CN 10
what is the function and innervation of the styloglossus?
function: retract tongue, forms a central trough w/ genioglossus for swallowing
innervation: CN 10
what are the inferior extrinsic muscles?
hypoglossus, genioglossus
what is the function and innervation to the hypoglossus?
function: depress and retract tongue
innervation: CN 12
what is the function and innervation to the genioglossus?
function: depress and protrude tongue, side bend tongue
innervation: CN 12
what happens if there is a CN 12 deficiency?
imbalance of bilateral intrinsic and extrinsic muscles
protrusion of the tongue- deviated to the WEAKER side
difficult to eat and speak, bite tongue easily
what is the somatic sensation to the tongue?
anterior 2/3 tongue: special sensation- taste CN 7 (chorda tympani) and CN V3 for spicy and pungency (lingual n.)
posterior 1/3 tongue: special and somatic from CN 9
epiglottis and central part of posterior 1/3: special and somatic sensation from CN 10
what is the visceral innervation to the parotid gland?
CN 9, lesser petrosal nerve, otic ganglion
what is the visceral innervation to the submandibular and sublingual gland?
CN 7, chorda tympani, lingual n.
