Ear and oral cavity

Question 1

what is the somatic sensation of the external ear?

Answer 1

variations CN 5, 7, 9, 10
lesser occipital nerve: C2 ventral ramus
great auricular nerve: C2, C3

Question 2

what are the ossicles lateral to medial?

Answer 2

malleus, incus, stapes

Question 3

what interacts with the tympanic membrane?

Answer 3

handle of the malleus

Question 4

what goes through the handle of the malleus?

Answer 4

chorda tympani

Question 5

where does the lesser petrosal nerve form a synapse with the otic ganglion for the parotid gland?

Answer 5

medial wall, promontory with tympanic plexus

Question 6

where does the glossopharyngeal nerve originate?

Answer 6

lateral medulla oblongata and through the jugular foramen

Question 7

what does the tympanic nerve innervate?

Answer 7

the middle ear mucosal surface

Question 8

what gives off the lesser petrosal nerve?

Answer 8

tympanic nerve

Question 9

what does the stylopharyngeal nerve innervate

Answer 9

the stylopharyngeal muscle
branchial/ somatic motor

Question 10

what does the carotid sinus regulate?

Answer 10

blood pressure (visceral sensory)

Question 11

what does the carotid body regulate?

Answer 11

SaO2, chemical sensation

Question 12

what are the functions of the lingual branch of CN 9?

Answer 12

chemical sensation: taste of posterior 1/3 of tongue
somatic sensation: posterior 1/3 tongue and pharynx

Question 13

what are the branches of CN 9?

Answer 13

tympanic nerve, stylopharyngeal nerve, carotid branch, lingual branch, communicating branches to the vagus nerve

Question 14

what is the innervation and function of the tensor tympani?

Answer 14

function: tenses tympanic membrane, decrease the vibration to dampen chewing **coordinated with mastication muscles
innervation: tensor tympani nerve from CN V3

Question 15

what is the function and innervation of the stapedius?

Answer 15

function: dampens vibrations passed to cochlea via the oval window
innervation: nerve to stapedius from CN 7

Question 16

what is hyperacusis?

Answer 16

a disorder in loudness perception

Question 17

what is the cochlear compartment of the inner ear?

Answer 17

hearing, through cochlear division of CN 8
organ of corti

Question 18

what is the vestibular compartment of the inner ear?

Answer 18

proprioception and balance through vestibular division of CN 8

Question 19

what is the blood supply for the inner ear?

Answer 19

branches from the AICA- labyrinthine a. and common cochlear a.

Question 20

what are the framing structures of the hard palate?

Answer 20

maxilla: superior alveolar process
palatine bone: horizontal plate

Question 21

what is the innervation of the oral cavity?

Answer 21

maxillary nerve (CN V2)- superior alveolar nerve (posterior, middle, anterior)
mandibular nerve (CN V3): inferior alveolar nerve, buccal n. lingual n.

Question 22

what are the muscles of the soft palate?

Answer 22

tensor veli palatini, levator veli palatini, uvula

Question 23

what is the innervation of the tensor veli palatini?

Answer 23

CN V3

Question 24

what is the innervation of the levator veli palatini?

Answer 24

CN 10

Question 25

what are the superior extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

Answer 25

palatoglossus, styloglossus

Question 26

what is the function and innervation of the palatoglossus?

Answer 26

function: elevate posterior tongue (swallow) or depress soft palate (breath) innervation CN 10

Question 27

what is the function and innervation of the styloglossus?

Answer 27

function: retract tongue, forms a central trough w/ genioglossus for swallowing innervation: CN 10

Question 28

what are the inferior extrinsic muscles?

Answer 28

hypoglossus, genioglossus

Question 29

what is the function and innervation to the hypoglossus?

Answer 29

function: depress and retract tongue innervation: CN 12

Question 30

what is the function and innervation to the genioglossus?

Answer 30

function: depress and protrude tongue, side bend tongue innervation: CN 12

Question 31

what happens if there is a CN 12 deficiency?

Answer 31

imbalance of bilateral intrinsic and extrinsic muscles protrusion of the tongue- deviated to the WEAKER side difficult to eat and speak, bite tongue easily

Question 32

what is the somatic sensation to the tongue?

Answer 32

anterior 2/3 tongue: special sensation- taste CN 7 (chorda tympani) and CN V3 for spicy and pungency (lingual n.) posterior 1/3 tongue: special and somatic from CN 9 epiglottis and central part of posterior 1/3: special and somatic sensation from CN 10

Question 33

what is the visceral innervation to the parotid gland?

Answer 33

CN 9, lesser petrosal nerve, otic ganglion

Question 34

what is the visceral innervation to the submandibular and sublingual gland?

Answer 34

CN 7, chorda tympani, lingual n.