Ear

Question 1

Which portion of the ear does not have cartilage?

Answer 1

the lobule

Question 2

What is the external ear made of?

Answer 2

elastic cartilage and skin

Question 3

What makes up the lateral wall of the ear cavity?

Answer 3

tympanic membrane

Question 4

What serves as the relay center for sound waves?

Answer 4

tympanic cavity

Question 5

What lies medial to the tympanic membrane?

Answer 5

tympanic cavity proper

Question 6

What is superior to the tympanic membrane?

Answer 6

epitympanic recess

Question 7

Which portion of the ear transmits vibration from the tympanic membrane? How?

Answer 7

middle ear via ossicles

Question 8

What is the epitympanic recess continuous with?

Answer 8

adits of mastoid antrum

Question 9

Where does the anterior portion of the ear continue?

Answer 9

to auditory tube into nasopharynx

Question 10

Where does the posterior ear continue?

Answer 10

leads to adits and antrum

Question 11

Where does the bony portion of the auditory tube open?

Answer 11

base of the skull

Question 12

What does the jugular wall separate?

Answer 12

middle ear cavity from jugular fossa

Question 13

What covers the pars flaccid?

Answer 13

head of malleus and incus

Question 14

What does tendon of tensor tympani m attach to?

Answer 14

manubrium of malleus to control tension on tympanic membrane

Question 15

What is the protuberance facing the tympanic membrane? What sits over this?

Answer 15

promontory

- tympanic plexus of nn sits over, cochlea is right behind

Question 16

What does the carotid wall separate?

Answer 16

middle ear cavity from carotid canal

Question 17

What are the two openings in the superior aspect of the carotid wall?

Answer 17

auditory tube and semicanal for tensor tympani m

Question 18

What does the base of the stapes articulate with?

Answer 18

oval window

Question 19

Where does tensor tympani m run?

Answer 19

posterior thru canal then bends laterally inserting onto handle of malleus

Question 20

Where is tensor tympani m contained?

Answer 20

in bony semicanal, superior to auditory tube

Question 21

What is the smallest striated m in body?

Answer 21

stapedius m; 1mm

Question 22

Where does stapedius m arise?

Answer 22

from cavity inside pyramidal eminence, inserts into neck of stapes

Question 23

Why do middle ear infections contribute to tase distinction?

Answer 23

chorda tympani in middle ear

Question 24

Where does greater petrosal n branch?

Answer 24

off geniculate ganglion from CN VII

Question 25

Where does greater petrosal n run?

Answer 25

from hiatus of greater petrosal n to pterygoid canal

- from petrous temporal toward foramen lacer

Question 26

What type of fibers does the n of pterygoid canal contain?

Answer 26

presynaptic parasympathetic and post synaptic sympathetic fibers

Question 27

Where does tympanic plexus of nn run?

Answer 27

under mucosal lining of middle ear cavity and supplies it

Question 28

What does tympanic plexus of nn supply?

Answer 28

middle ear cavity and mastoid air cells and auditory tube

Question 29

What forms tympanic plexus of nn?

Answer 29

tympanic br of CN IX (p-symp) and cartoticotympanic nn (symp)

Question 30

What does lesser petrosal n supply?

Answer 30

parotid gland

Question 31

Where does lesser petrosal n run?

Answer 31

hiatus of lesser petrosal n to foramen ovale (otic ganglion located below)

Question 32

What does otic ganglion supply?

Answer 32

p-symp to parotid gland

Question 33

Inner ear dual functions

Answer 33

maintain balance of body (vestibular) and perceives sound (auditory)

Question 34

How can sound or motion be sensed in inner ear?

Answer 34

movement of fluid

Question 35

How do round and oval windows perceive sound?

Answer 35

vibrate opp each other

Question 36

Where are waves established?

Answer 36

in perilymph, waves cause vibration of basilar membrane of the spiral organ of corti
- hair cells allow to perceive sound