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Anatomy Unit 2 > CN VIII > Flashcards

CN VIII Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the vestibular nuclei? Cochlear?

A
  • ponto-medullary junction

- inferior cerebellar peduncle

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2
Q

Which components of the ear of vestibular? cochlear?

A 
equilibrium = utricle, saccule, semicircular canals
hearing = organ of corti (has hair cells surrounding cochlea)
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3
Q

Where is CN VIII?

A

lateral surface of brainstem at ponto-medullar junction

- emerges from internal acoustic meatus

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4
Q

Where does CN VIII cross the posterior cranial fossa?

A

within petrous part of temporal bone

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5
Q

Where do peripheral processes of primary sensory receptors extend?

A

from cochlea or vestibular apparatus to nerve cell bodies in cochlea and base of semicircular canals

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6
Q

What is perilymph?

A

between bony and membranous labyrinth

- communicates with cochlear duct (scala vestibule and tympani)

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7
Q

What is endolymph?

A

found in membranous labyrinth

- communicates with cochlear duct

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8
Q

What are the types of vestibular component receptors?

A

macula = specialized receptors

apical surface = stereo cilia and kinocilium

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9
Q

What are the functions of receptors?

A 
dynamic = linear and angular
static = tilt
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10
Q

What is the function of the cupula in semicircular canals?

A

evokes receptor potential in hair cells of ampullary crest

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11
Q

Where are cell bodies of afferent fibers>

A

vestibular ganglion -> axons pass through internal auditory canal to reach upper medulla with cochlear n

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12
Q

What senses rapid changes from semicircular canals?

A

cerebellum-flucculonodular lobe from ascending branches

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13
Q

What are the coordinates synapses of vestibule-ocular pathways?

A

VI = medial vestibular nucleus for horizontal eye (horizontal semicircular canal)
III = superior s=nucleus for vertical eye (ant and post SCC)
IV

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14
Q

vestibule-ocular reflexes

A

maintain gaze on target

  • info comes from cerebellum and cervical spinal column
  • rostral SCT
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15
Q

What is the conduit between cervical spinal nn and cerebellum or vestibule-ocular reflexes?

A

accessory cuneate ligament

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16
Q

What causes waves of fluid in the cochlea?

A

vibration of stapes in oval window

17
Q

Cochlear duct divisions

A 
scala vestibuli (vestibular membrane) and scala tympani (basilar membrane) 
- both perilymphatic
18
Q

Where are sensory receptors found in the auditory component?

A

hair cells found in cochlear ducts with surfaces contacting basilar membrane, apical ends project cilia into tectorial membrane

19
Q

What do hair cells synapse with?

A

organ of corti (spiral organ)

20
Q

Types of 2nd order cochlear nuclei

A

posterior and ventral

21
Q

Pathway of posterior nucleus

A

dorsal acoustic striae -> contralateral lateral lemniscus (monoaural)

22
Q

Pathway of ventral nucleus

A
  • intermediate striae follows dorsal (monaural)
  • ventral striae terminate on ipsilateral and contralateral trapezoid body (inhibitory) and superior olivary nucleus -> lateral lemniscus (binaural)
23
Q

Where do most fibers of the cochlear nuclei run to?

A

cross and go to trapezoid body or dorsal pons

24
Q

Where are the 3rd order lateral lemniscus found?

A

tegmentum of pons and midbrain

25
Q

Where are cell bodies of lateral lemniscus found?

A

superior olivary complex and trapezoid nucleus, and nucleus of lateral lemniscus (binaural pathway)

26
Q

Where do fiber of lateral lemniscus go?

A

ascend to midbrain and terminate in tectum, specifically inferior colliculus

27
Q

Where are 4th order inferior colliculus and medial geniculate found?

A

inferior colliculus and medial geniculate body

28
Q

Where are aoustic reflexes from?

A

collateral branches from lateral lemniscus

29
Q

What nerves are involved in acoustic reflexes?

A

motor nuclei of V and VII (tensor tympani and stapediius)

- RF contributes to startled response signaled to facial n nucleus and spinal cord

30
Q

What is weber’s test?

A

tuning fork in midline of forehead

  • conduction deafness = sound better in deaf ear
  • nerve deafness = better in good hear
31
Q

What is Rinne’s test?

A

tuning fork on mastoid process until sound ceases then move to external auditory meatus

  • norma ear = sound heard again
  • conduction deafness = no sound
32
Q

Vestibule-Ocular reflex testing

A
  • cool water irrigation to one ear drives nystagmus (white part) to opposite side
  • warm water draws to same side
33
Q

What happens if there is inner ear disease with vestibule-ocular testing?

A

drives exaggerated response in certain head positions

34
Q

What happens if vestibular n damage in vestibule-ocular testing?

A

exaggerated response in any head position

- absence of any reflex is criteria for brain death

35
Q

What is Rhomberg’s test?

A

tests vision, proprioception

  • close eyes and test posture
  • mild lesions in proprioception and vestibular can be compensated for with vision
  • eye closure causes loss of position

Anatomy Unit 2 (9 decks)

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