E3- ankle Flashcards
what is the hindfoot
talus
calcaneous
subtalar
what is the midfoot
tarsal bones
transverse tarsal
intertarsal
what is the forefoot
metatarsal
phalanges
what is the ankle
talocrural joint
tibia
fibula
talus
what is the foot
tarsal bones and distal jts
how much weight does the fibula transfer
10 %
how do you tell the difference between leg ER and tibial ER
patella will be ER as well with whole leg ER
patella will be straight while tibia ER
what is pronation
eversion
ABD
DF
what is supination
inversion
ADD
PF
what runs under the cuboid groove and limits rolling the ankle
peroneus longus
what m has sesamoid bones
flexor hallicus longus in 1st metatarsal
what attaches to 5th metatarsal styloid process
peroneus brevis
what is a valgus foot
pronation
flat foot
outward calcaneus
what is a varus foot
supination
high arch
inward calcaneus
what is metatarsus adductus
metatarsal bones deviate inward
what is pes equinus
forward bending motion of the ankle
limited DF
what strengthens the proximal tibiofibular jt
bicep femoris
popliteus
what is the function of distal tibio
slight movement with DF
stable for correct talocrural jt
what is pes cavus
high arch
what is pes plantus
flat foot
what jt has 90-95% of compressive forces through it
talocrural jt
what motions does the talocrural ligs limit
inversion and eversion
what is the deltoid ligament
tibionavicular
tibiospring
tibiocalcaneal
tibiotalar
what does the deltoid lig limit
extreme eversion across TC/ST/TN
how is the deltoid lig most commonly injured
injury uncommon
landing in ER, ABD and eversion
how do lateral ankle sprains happen
inversion
calcaneus inverts at heel contact and med malleolus can not block
how is the ant talofibular lig injured
inversion and ADD with PF
what does the calcaneofibular lig limit
inversion at talocrural in full DF
what does the post talofibular lig do
stabilize talus
limits ABD of talus
what is the osteokinematics of talocrural jt
one deg of freedom
DF/PF —– supination/pronation
what is neutral position of TC jt
foot 90 to leg
what is the ROM of TC DF
15-25 deg
what is ROM of TC PF
40-55 deg
what is the arthro of TC OC DF
roll ant
slide post
closed pack position
what is the arthro of TC CC DF
tibia moves ant
what are taut in DF
calcaneofibular
post talofibular
what can cause high ankle sprain
extreme DF
what direction will you mobilize the talus to gain DF
post translation
what is the arthro of TC OC PF
roll post
slide ant
what is the arthro of TC CC PF
tibia moves post
what is taut in PF
ant tibiofibular
tibionavicular
what happens to dome of talus in PF
moves out in loose pack
decrease bony stability
what does the calcaneofibular lig limit
inversion
what is the transverse tarsal jt
talonavicular
calcaneocubiod
what is the function of the transverse tarsal jt
allows WB foot to adapt
functions with subtalar to allow sup/pro
what is the purpose of talonavicular jt
substantial mobility for twisting and bending
what is the purpose of calcaneocuboid
stability to lateral ankle
what is subtalar NWB pronation
calcaneus moves into eve, abd, df
what is subtalar NWB supination
calcaneus moves into inv, add, pf
what is subtalar WB pronation
calcaneus eve
talus add and pf
what is subtalar WB supination
calcaneus inv
talus abd and df
how does the tibia RT with WB supination
ER
how does the tibia RT with WB pronation
IR
what happens for the transverse tarsal jt to move if calcaneus is firmly held
navicular spins on talonavicular jt
what helps lift the medial arch for supination
post tib
what helps arch for pronation
peroneals
what is the medial arch function
primary load bearing and shock absorbing structure
what structures help assist the medial arch
fat pads
sesamoid bones
plantar fascia
what is the result of pes planus
result of jt laxity
excessive subtalar pronation
when during the gait cycle should your arch go flat and when should it go up
down= midtsance
up= push off toes
what position is your foot in during heel contact of gait
TC- DF
ST- supinated
tibia ER
how does a paradoxically happen
rearfoot or forefoot fixed varus leads to over pronation trying to get foot to contact ground
