E1 Class Rep health & fam Flashcards
What are the inner folds of skin that protect the opening of the vagina and produce bactericidal secretions?
Labia minora
What is the fibromuscular area of the vulva between the anus and vagina that stretches for delivery?
Perineal body
When NOT pregnant, the female’s uterus is typically tilted in what direction?
Posterior
When pregnant, the female’s uterus is typically tilted in what direction?
Anterior
What is the area around the cervix where semen can pool/collect?
Posterior fornix
What is the muscular upper portion of the uterus?
Fundus
What is the usual site for implantation of the fertilized egg?
Endometrium
A 50 year old client has a hx of 4 previous vaginal deliveries of infants >9Ibs. She complains of feeling “fullness” in her vagina. A physical exam reveals a prolapsed uterus. Which ligament is showing a dysfunction?
Cardinal
What ligament causes pain when going from lying to sitting position in pregnant women?
Round ligament
Where is the egg typically fertilized?
Ampulla
What is the narrowest part of the bony pelvis and plays a role in fetal station?
Ischial spines
T/F If a women has a breast reduction, she will be unable to unsuccessfully feed her baby.
False
A client is not using any contraceptive method but wants to avoid pregnancy. What days are most women fertile during a 28 day cycle?
Days 13-15
What is the purpose of the scrotum?
Protect and control temperature of sperm
How long are ova fertile?
12-24 hrs
How long do sperm live?
48-72 hrs
Where does fertilization take place?
Ampulla
How many chromosomes from each egg and sperm?
23 egg
23 sperm
What supplies nutrients to the baby before the placenta takes over?
Yolk sac
Two seperate eggs each fertilized by different sperm is called
Fraternal
One egg fertilized by one sperm and then blastocyst divides around 5 days. Fetuses share a chorion but each have their own bag of water?
Identical Mono/Di
Fraternal Dichorionic Diamniotic
Sperate placenta
2 Chorions
2 Amnions
2 eggs 2 sperm
Idential Dichorionic Diamniotic
Fused placenta
2 Chorions
2 Amnions
1 eggs 1 sperm
Division within 3 days
Identical Monochorionic Diamniotic
Single placenta
1 Chorions
2 Amnions
1 eggs 1 sperm
Division within 5 days
Identical Monochorionic Monoamniotic
Single placenta
1 Chorions
1 Amnions
1 eggs 1 sperm
Division within 8-12 days
What risk comes with Monochorionic Monoamniotic twins?
Umbilical cord tangles
What risk comes with Monochorionic Diamniotic twins?
One baby may take majority of nutrients leading it to be bigger than its twin
Will Diamniotic/ Dichorionic twins have 2 placentas?
Sometimes, depends on when blastocyte divides
What does amniotic fluid do?
-cushions fetus & umbilical cord
-Helps control temp
-Allows fetus to change positions
-Promote growth and lung development
-Used for analysis of fetal lung maturity
After 20 weeks the amniotic fluid is mostly made up of what?
Fecal urine
What is Hydramnios and the causes?
Too much amniotic fluid (<2000mL)
Causes- congenital disorder, maternal diabetes/high blood glucose
What is Oligohydramnios and the causes
Too little fluid
Causes- fetal kidneys not functioning, leaking fluid high BP
How many veins are in the umbilical cord? arteries?
1 vein
2 arteries
What is the special connective tissue that surrounds the umbilical cord?
Wharton’s jelly
What are the 5 functions of the placenta?
- Immunologic properties-protect against antibody production
- Excretion
- Fetal respirations
- Production fetal nutrients
- Production of hormones
Describe what the fetal side of the placenta looks like?
bluish color
Describe what the maternal side of the placenta looks like?
beefy red
The time at which fetal movement begins to be felt by most mothers?
20 weeks
Weeks gestation when the heart begins to beat?
4 weeks
Weeks gestation when considered “full term”
37 weeks
Weeks gestation when viability is considered to begin
24 weeks
You are in a grocery store and come upon a hispanic lady who just delivered a baby. The 911 responder ask you the gestational age of the baby. You observe that the baby does not have lanugo and you only see a minimal amount of vernix in the folds of the babys neck. That baby is rooting and crying. How many weeks gestation is the baby?
38 weeks
Week 4
Heart begins to beat, arms, legs, eyes, ears form
Week 6
Heart begins to circulate blood, liver functioning
Week 12
Genitals differentiated, urine produced, FHTs heard with doppler
Week 20
fetal movement felt by mother, vernix, lanugo, nails, nipples, subQ fat
Week 24
Viability, alveoli form, startle and grasp reflexes present, eyes structurally complete, fingerprints and footprints
Week 28
Nervous system regulates and brain develops rapidly, eyes open, lungs provide gas exchange
Week 36
Increase in subQ fat, lanugo lessens
Week 38
Full term, vernix creases and folds only, skin smooth and polished, head bigger than chest
