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Cardiology > E: Cardiorespiratory Arrest > Flashcards

E: Cardiorespiratory Arrest Flashcards

1
Q

What is a cardiac arrest

A

Sudden cessation of hearts functioning

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2
Q

How are arrhythmias associated with cardiac arrest divided

A
  • Shockable

- Non-Shockable

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3
Q

What are the ‘shockable’ rhythms

A

Ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation

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4
Q

What are the ‘non-shockable’ rhythms

A
  • Pulseless electrical activity

- Asystole

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5
Q

What is a way to remember causes of cardiac arrest

A

4H’s

5T’s

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6
Q

What are the causes of cardiac arrest

A

Hypoxia
Hyperkalaemia/Hypokalaemia
Hypothermia
Hypovolaemia

Thrombosis 
VTE
Tension pneumothorax 
Cardiac tamponade
Toxins
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7
Q

How will a patient appear with cardiac arrest present

A

unresponsive and not breathing

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8
Q

What is the first protocol in managing a cardiac arrest patient

A

basic life support

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9
Q

Who can perform BLS

A

any individual - medically trained or lay-person

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10
Q

What is first stage in BLS

A

call an ambulance (999)

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11
Q

What else is done in BLS

A

A-E approach

A- check unobstructed airway
B- chin lift and jaw thrust
C- chest compressions at 30:2

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12
Q

What is the rate of chest compressions

A

100-120bpm

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13
Q

What is the ratio of compressions to rescue breaths

A

30:2

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14
Q

What is the next stage in managing cardiac arrest

A

advanced life support

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15
Q

Who can perform advanced life support

A

trained individuals

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16
Q

What is the first step in advanced life support

A

assess the patient, call the resuscitation team (2222) and start chest compressions

17
Q

What is the second stage in advanced life support

A

turn on the defibrillator place the pads and use it to assess the rhythm (if it is shockable)

18
Q

What are the shockable rhythms

A

VT, VF

19
Q

If a shockable rhythm what should be done

A
  • 1 Shock is administered
  • 2 minutes chest compressions
  • Deliver up to 3 shocks
20
Q

What energy is used for the shock

A

150-200J

21
Q

How long are chest compressions continued for

A

2 minutes following first shock

22
Q

How many shocks are given

A

3

23
Q

If 3 shocks does not work what should be given

A
  • 1mg IV adrenaline and 300mg IV amiodarone
24
Q

What dose of adrenaline is given and what route

A
  • 1mg IV
25
Q

What dose of amiodarone is given and what route

A
  • 300mg IV
26
Q

What are the non-shockable rhythms

A

Pulseless electrical activity

Asystole

27
Q

If non-shockable what should be done

A
  • Chest compressions (30:2)

- 1mg IV adrenaline : repeat every 3-5 minutes

28
Q

How frequently should adrenaline be administered

A

1mg IV every 3-5 minutes. Continually re-check to assess if shockable.

Cardiology (13 decks)

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