Dysrhythmias Flashcards
ACLS
advanced cardiac life support
heart conduction path
SA node
AV node
Bundle of His
Bundle branches (left and right)
Purkinje fibers
normal HR
60-100
QRS shows
depolarization/contraction of both ventricles
Quash the Roomy Sockets
P wave shows
SA node firing and atriums depolarizing/contracting
Produce & pinch
T wave shows
ventrical repolarization/relaxing
The ventricles relax with Tea
PR interval is
how long it takes for electrical impulse to go from top to bottom of heart
from Pupils to Rectum
QT interval is
how long it takes for ventricals to contract and relax
the ventilricles Quantum Tasks
leads
on the right, smoke over fire
on the left, snow over grass
brown in the middle
athletes have _____ resting HR
lower
heart muscles are stronger so they pump more blood with each beat
bradycardia symptoms
lightheadedness
dizyness
chest pain
change in LOC
syncope
lack of oxygen to brain and low CO
tachycardia causes
infection, IV drug use, anxiety, electrolytes, anemia, low blood volume
bradycardia treatment
atropine (increases HR)
transcutaneous pacing
tachycardia treatment
adenosine (slows HR) 6mg-12mg
cardioversion
vagal maneuver (bear down, blow through syringe)
premature atrial contractions look like
an extra beat here and there, normal spacing then two in a row then normal spacing again
premature ventricle contractions look like
inversion of T or QRS waves, wonky beats
premature contractions (A and V) can be caused by
caffine, alcohol, stress
premature contractions possible symptoms
fluttering, chest pain, diapheretic, lightheaded, dizzy
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)
any condition with sudden reduction or blockage to heart
usually see ST changes
ST elevation
STEMI
ST Elevated Miocardial Infarction
a heart attack, complete blockage
ST not elevated but weird or inverted
NSTEMI
Non ST Elevated Miocardial Infarction
why get a 12 lead for an MI instead of the 5 lead in telemonitoring?
a 12 lead will show where in the heart the infarction is happening, gives a better picture, different interventions for different types of infarction
s/s MI
chest pain, radiating down left arm (in males)
women may experience back pain, GI issues or tireness
ischemia is
reduced blood flow
causes the chest pain
morphine decreases ____
nitro decreases _____
morphine decreases heart load work
nitro decreases pain
nitro contraindicated meds
Erectile Dysfunction or vasodilator meds
heparin is an
anticoagulant
Heart blocks: if R is far from P it must be
1st degree
PR > 20 seconds
all p waves conduct
Heart blocks: if PR gets longer than a QRS drop it must be
type 1 Wenckebach (second degree)
progressive prolongation of PR interval until QRS dropped
Heart blocks: if PR stays normal and QRS quits it must be
type 2 Mobitz (second degree)
constant PR interval
probably needs a pacemaker
Heart blocks: if P and QRS beat independently it must be
a complete 3rd degree
complete disruption of AV conduction
needs immediate intervention, probably ablation
3 types of atrial dysrhythmias
supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)
atrial fibrilation (AFib)
atrial flutter
SUPER AA
SVT (supraventricular tachycardia) decreases
CO
SVT (supraventricular tachycardia) treatment
electrical synchronized cardioversion
synchronized cardioversion
blocks off AV node
less jules than defib
for patients that still have a pulse
synchronized for the R waves
AFib has atrias
quivering very fast, not pumping as they should
AFib causes decreased
CO
AFib can cause ______ blood, increasing blood clot potential
pooling
AFib med treatment is
anticoagulants (heparin)
ablation destroys
the tissue causing the irregular rhythm
AFlutter has a _____ pattern
sawtooth, and no equal spacing between QRSs
ventricular tachycardia Torsade de Pointes
VTach
tombstones/fireman hats
treatment differs based on whether or not patient has a pulse
CHECK PULSE BEFORE ANY INTERVENTION
defib when patient has no
pulse
______ can fix VTach if caught early enough
magnesium
Fine Vfib
0 CO
no pulse, but check
Course Vfib
0 CO
no pulse, but check
the only way to treat Vfib is
Defib
asystole
flatline
no electrical activity
looks similar to fine Vfib
Defib is not going to help, give epi and CPR
pacemaker
senses when the heart beats at the wrong speed or out of rhythm
sends electrical impulses to get the heart back on track
ICD (implantable cardioverter-defibrillator)
senses when the heart is in a lethal rhythm
sends an electrical impulse to get the heart out of a lethal rhythm
pacemaker and ICD care: don’t lift your ______ above your _____ for _____ weeks
don’t lift your left arm above your shoulder for 2-4 weeks
Delegation: UAPs can ______ but not ______
UAPs can perform CPR but cannot interpret ECG/EKG waves or educate the patient
