Acid-Base Balance

Question 1

acidotic pH

Answer 1

below 7.35

Question 2

alkalotic pH

Answer 2

above 7.45

Question 3

acidotic CO2

Answer 3

45 above

Question 4

alckalotic CO2

Answer 4

35 and below

Question 5

acidotic HCO3

Answer 5

below 22

Question 6

alkalotic HCO3

Answer 6

above 26

Question 7

ph, CO2 and bicarb for
Respiratory Acidosis

Answer 7

pH below 7.35
CO2 above 45
Bicarb above 26 (going that direction to compensate)

Question 8

pH, CO2 and bicarb for
Metabolic Acidosis

Answer 8

pH below 7.35
CO2 below 35 (going that direction to compensate)
Bicarb below 22

Question 9

pH, CO2 and bicarb for
Respiratory Alkalosis

Answer 9

pH above 7.45
CO2 below 35
Bicarb below 22 (going in that direction to compensate)

Question 10

pH, CO2 and bicarb for
Metabolic Alkalosis

Answer 10

pH above 7.45
CO2 above 45 (going in that direction to compensate)
Bicarb above 26

Question 11

Uncompensated

Answer 11

only 1 will be normal (the compensatory)

Question 12

Partially compensated

Answer 12

all will be abnormal

Question 13

fully compensated

Answer 13

pH will be the only normal

Question 14

ABGs

Answer 14

arterial blood gases

pH
PaCO2 (carbon dioxide)
HC03- (bicarb)
PaO2 (oxygen)

Question 15

normal pH

Answer 15

7.35-7.45

Question 16

normal PaCO2 (carbon dioxide)

Answer 16

35-45 mm Hg

Question 17

normal HCO3- (bicarb)

Answer 17

22-26 mEq/L

Question 18

normal PaO2 (oxygen)

Answer 18

80-100 mm Hg

Question 19

Respiratory acidosis causes and interventions

Answer 19

cause:
hypoventilation
(from COPD, thorax probs, severe pneumonia, pulmonary edema (not acute), atelactasis, OD, latrogenic-from a medical procedure)

intervention:
treat the cause

Question 20

Metabolic acidosis causes and interventions

Answer 20

causes:
acid accumulation
(from ketoacidosis/DKA/starvation, shock/lactic acid/septic shock, renal failure)
loss of bicarb
(from diarrhea, draining GI fistulas, ileostomy)

interventions:
treat the cause

Question 21

Respiratory alkalosis causes and interventions

Answer 21

causes:
hyperventilation
(from hypoxemia, anxiety, pain, latrogenic-from a medical procedure)

interventions:
treat the cause

Question 22

Metabolic alkalosis causes and interventions

Answer 22

causes:
loss of acid
(from vomiting, NG suction, most diuretics)
base gain
(from excess antacids use with bicarb)

interventions:
treat the cause

Question 23

ways manifestations of acidosis and alkalosis are similar:

Answer 23

both have neurological changes and potential dysrhythmias

Question 24

manifestations of alkolosis are unique because:

Answer 24

they have nuromuscular symptoms like

tetany - twitching

paresthesia - tingling/numbness