Dynamics of Abuse & Neglect

Question 1

List the 4 types of Child Maltreatment

Answer 1

physical abuse
sexual abuse
emotional maltreatment
physical neglect

Question 2

define physical abuse (child maltreatment)

Answer 2

involves the nonaccidental physical injury to a child caused by a parent or other caregiver. It may result from an act of commission or from an act of omission (failure to protect the child).

Question 3

a disproportionate number of known cases of child physical abuse involve _____-_____ families.

Answer 3

low-income

although child physical abuse occurs across all socioeconomic classes

Question 4

The perpetrators of child physical abuse are more often ______

Answer 4

female

with young, low-income, single mothers with young children are at greatest risk of abusing their children.

Question 5

Children of all ages are physically abused. Which group(s) are subjected to the most severe forms of violence.

Answer 5

toddlers & adolescents

Question 6

In childhood, _____ are at higher risk & experience more severe forms of abuse; in adolescence, the risk increases for _______.

Answer 6

males

females

Question 7

Define sexual abuse of a child.

Answer 7

involves the initiation of an interaction with a child by an adult or older child for the purpose of sexually gratifying or stimulating the adult or older child or another person.

Question 8

Give examples of child sexual abuse.

Answer 8

genital fondling, molestation, rape, incest, sexual exploitation, exhibitionism, pedophilia

Question 9

Examples of sexual exploitation of a child includes

Answer 9

possession, manufacture, and distribution of child pornography;
online enticement of children for sexual acts;
child prostitution
child sex tourism

Question 10

The majority of known victims of child sexual abuse are _______, but studies suggest that ______ are sexually abused much more often than reports have indicated.

Answer 10

female

boys

Question 11

The majority of child sexual abuse victims are assaulted by someone they _____ & _____.

Answer 11

know & trust

parent, parent surrogate, other relative, friend

Question 12

Only a small minority of sexual abusers use physical violence; instead, most use ____, _____, and other forms of ______ and/or the existing relationship with the child to gain the child’s cooperation.

Answer 12

bribes, threats, coercion

Question 13

Most known child sexual abusers are ______, and most perpetrators report being ________ in their adult sexual orientation.

Answer 13

men

heterosexual

Question 14

______ perpetrators are more likely to abuse boys and are more likely to rely on _________ ________.

Answer 14

Female

emotional manipulation

Question 15

____ occurs in all social classes and is not found disproportionately in any particular ethnic or cultural group and the vast majority of victims are female.

Answer 15

Incest

Question 16

Stepfathers or fathers: Which are more likely to sexually abuse a daughter.

Answer 16

Stepfathers

Question 17

Often, the victim of father/stepfather-daughter incest is the ______ female child in the household, and her vulnerability may be _____ when she has taken on the household duties of her mother or emerged as the central female figure in the family.

Answer 17

oldest

higher

Question 18

Most incestuous relationships are triggered by the abuser’s _______ needs and many incest episodes occur when the abuser is ________ ____ ______ __ ____.

Answer 18

nonsexual (need for affection, power, belongingness)

under the influence of alcohol

Question 19

Mothers ___ or _____ __ be aware of the father/stepfather-daughter incest. Those who are aware may not take action for fear of losing ______ and ______ support from their husbands.

Answer 19

may, may not

emotional, material

Question 20

In incestuous households, the family household is often ______ and _______ impoverished.

Answer 20

chaotic; emotionally impoverished

Question 21

In incestuous households, there is commonly _____ discord and ______ ________.

Answer 21

marital; spousal overdependence

Question 22

In incestuous households, family relationships often are characterized by

Answer 22

role reversal, role confusion, and enmeshed boundaries between family members and family isolation is extremely common. In addition, family members may fear abandonment and family disintegration.

Question 23

Define emotional maltreatment (a.k.a. emotional abuse or neglect) of a child.

Answer 23

involves a failure to provide for the appropriate emotional development of a child resulting in psychological damage to the child. It may consist of acts of commission or acts of omission.

Question 24

Give examples of child emotional maltreatment.

Answer 24

verbal or emotional assault (frequent belittling or other rejection of a child, terrorizing the child); isolation or close confinement (locking a child in a closet for a long period of time, separating the child from social contact); attempted physical assault, exploiting or corrupting the child; withholding necessities from the child as a form of punishment; and withholding emotional responsiveness from the child.

Question 25

Any acts of commission or omission that put a child in danger constitute child _________, and _______ _____ is the most common type of child _________.

Answer 25

endangerment (driving w/out car seat)
physical neglect
endangerment

Question 26

Define physical neglect of a child.

Answer 26

involves a parent’s or other caregiver’s persistent lack of attention to the child’s basic physical needs (food, shelter, clothing, supervision, health care).

Question 27

Give examples of types of physical neglect of a child.

Answer 27

abandonment/lack of supervision; nutritional neglect; hygiene neglect; medical neglect; shelter neglect (no heat in child’s room); educational neglect (parent allows chronic truancy); and some cases of failure to thrive (signs of undernutrition).

Question 28

List some characteristics that are associated with a high risk of abuse.

Answer 28

prematurity and low birth-weight, difficult temperament (nonresponsivity, irritability, hyperactivity) poor health, and younger age (children under age 3 are at highest risk for physical abuse). Overall children who are perceived as “different” such as those with a difficult temperament or disability are at increased risk for both abuse and neglect.

Question 29

List 3 parent factors that are consistently linked with child maltreatment.

Answer 29

History of child deprivation
personality or behavioral deficits
deficits in knowledge