Dylipidemia - Drug Thearpy

Question 0

What are the major side effects of statins?

Answer 0

• myopathy

- increased liver enzymes

Question 1

What are the effects that statins have on lipid levels?

Answer 1

1. reduces LDL-C 18-55%
2. reduces TG 7-30%
3. raise HDL-C 5-15%

Question 2

what are contraindications with statins?

Answer 2

• absolute: liver dz

- relative: use with certain drugs

Question 3

What are demonstrated therapeutic benefits for statins?

Answer 3

1. Reduce major coronary events
2. reduce CHD mortality
3. reduce coronary procedures (PTCA/CABG)
4. reduce stroke
5. reduce total mortality

Question 4

What are the major actions against lipids of bile sequestrants?

Answer 4

• reduce LDL-C 15-30%
• raise HDL-C 3-5%
• may increase TG

Question 5

What are the side effects of bile acid sequestrants?

Answer 5

• GI distress/constipation

- decreased absorption of other drugs

Question 6

What are contraindications of bile acid sequestrants?

Answer 6

• dysbetalipoproteinemia

- raised TG (especially >400 mg/dL)

Question 7

Which drugs are bile acid sequestrants?

Answer 7

1. cholestyramine
2. colestipol
3. colesevelam

Question 8

What are the demonstrated therapeutic benefits of bile acid sequestrants?

Answer 8

1. reduce major coronary events

2. reduce CHD mortality

Question 9

What are the major actions on lipids for nicotinic acid?

Answer 9

• lowers LDL-C 5-25%
• lowers TG 20-50%
• raises HDL-C 15-35%

Question 10

What are the side effects of nicotinic acid?

Answer 10

• flushing
• hyperglycemia
• hyperuricemia
• upper GI distress
• hepatotoxicity

Question 11

what are the contraindications of nicotinic acid?

Answer 11

• liver dz
• severe gout
• peptic ulcer

Question 12

What are the demonstrated therapeutic benefits of nicotinic acid?

Answer 12

1. reduces major coronary events

2. possible reduction in total mortality

Question 13

What are the major actions on lipids of fibric acids?

Answer 13

• lower LDL-C 5-20% (with normal TG)
• may raise LDL-C (with high TG)
• lower TG 20-50%
• raise HDL-C 10-20%

Question 14

what are the side effects of fibric acids?

Answer 14

1. dyspepsia
2. gallstones
3. myopathy

Question 15

What are the contraindications of fibric acids?

Answer 15

severe renal or hepatic disease

Question 16

What are the drugs in the fibric acids class?

Answer 16

1. gemfibrozil (Lopid)
2. fenofibrate (Tricor)
3. Clofibrate