DSM - V Disorders (Mental Health) Flashcards
What are the 3 Domains of Intellectual Disability/Intellectual Developmental Disorders?
(Previously called mental retardation)
In order to properly diagnose, assessment of BOTH cognitive capacity (IQ) and adaptive functioning is needed
Adaptive functioning deficits include 3 domains:
1) conceptual (learning)
2) Social
3) Practical (personal care)
SPECIFY SEVERITY: mild, moderate, severe, or profound
SEVERITY is based on adaptive functioning, not on IQ
What is Autism Spectrum Disorder? (ASD)
(Combination of autism/Asperger’s from DSM 4)
What are the 2 core domains?
What are the 3 severity levels?
Must be present since early childhood
1) Deficits in social communication and social interaction
- Failure to hold convo, reduced sharing of interest, failure to initiate social interactions, lack of eye contact/facial expressions, maintaining and understanding relationships, absence of interest in peers
2) Restrictive repetitive patterns of behaviors, interest or activities
- Motor Stereotypes, lining up toys, inflexible routines, distress at small changes, strong attachment, hyper/hypo reactivity such as smelling or touching objects every day
SPECIFY SEVERITY:
1) Level 1 (requiring support)
2) Level 2 (requring substantial support)
3) Level 3 (requiring very substantial support)
This is based on the amount of support needed due to ASD challenges
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Who does it apply to?
Criteria includes various age groups
1) Inattentive Symptoms - Failure to pay attention or misses details related to school, work, activities. Difficulty sustaining attention in tasks. Difficulty staying organized. Forgetful.
2) Hyperactivity symptoms - fidgets, taps hands, squirms in seat. Leaves classroom or workplace. Often runs or climbs in situations where inappropriate. Talks excessively. Difficulty waiting his/her turn.
What is Schizophrenia?
How long does the disturbance need to last?
How many symptoms are always needed to diagnose/ how many total symptoms are there?
(Schizophrenia Spectrum)
Disturbance persists for AT LEAST 6 MONTHS or greater
TWO symptoms are always needed
1) Hallucinations
2) Disorganized thinking (speech)
3) Disorganized or catatonic behavior (muscular rigidity)
4) Mental Stupor (NO psychomotor activity)
5) Not speaking
6) Echolalia (repeating another’s words)
7) Echopraxia (repeating another’s movements)
What is Schizophreniform?
How long does the duration need to be? (Minimum/Maximum)
(Schizophrenia Spectrum)
Same symptoms as Schizophrenia but is AT LEAST 1 MONTH and LESS THAN 6 MONTHS
Triggered by turmoil or high stress in several areas of daily functioning
What is Schizoaffective Disorder?
Schizophrenia Spectrum
Same symptoms as Schizophrenia WITH any of the following:
1) Major Depression
2) Mania
3) Mixed Episode
What is a Brief Psychotic Disorder?
How long does the duration need to be? (Minimum/Maximum)
(Schizophrenia Spectrum)
AT LEAST 1 DAY but LESS THAN 1 MONTH)
Same symptoms as schizophrenia.
What is a Delusional Disorder?
What are the 4 Types of Delusional Disorders?
How long does the duration need to be? (Minimum/Maximum)
The presence of 1 OR MORE Delusions for 1 MONTH OR GREATER
Irrational Beliefs.
1) Persecutory - Being maliciously treated
2) Grandiose - false belief that one is a genius. Has special powers (delusion of grandeur)
What is Bipolar 1?
How many episodes necessary for diagnosis?
** Manic depression - 1 OR MORE manic episodes**
- Abnormally elevated, irritable mood
- Pressured speech
- Excessive pleasurable/high-risk activity
- Cycling between mania and depression
What is Hypomania?
Less manic episode
What is Bipolar 2?
How many episodes necessary for diagnosis?
** Major Depressive episodes with AT LEAST 1 HYPOMANIC EPISODE**
Hypomanic –> Less manic
What is Cyclothymic Disorder?
- Chronic/Fluctuating mood with MANY Hypomanic episodes
- Mild Depressive Symptoms
What is Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder?
Up to what age can it be diagnosed?
(Depressive Disorders)
Can be diagnosed up to the age of 18
- Persistent irritability and anger
- Frequent SEVERE temper outbursts (3 or more times a week and occurs in at least 2/3 settings)
What is Major Depressive Disorder?
How long do symptoms need to last?
Feelings of:
1) Feeling sad, empty, worthlessness
2) Significant weight loss/grain
3) Insomnia/excessive sleep, loss of interest
4) Thoughts of suicide Duration of symptoms 2 WEEKS OR MORE
What is Persistent Depressive Disorder?
How long do symptoms need to last?
(Dysthymia) Chronic Depression
- Symptoms are LESS SEVERE than Major Depression but last longer
2 Years or More