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MFT Theories > DSM-5-TR > Flashcards

DSM-5-TR Flashcards

1
Q

Central Sleep Apnea

A

Person stops breathing when they are asleep (up to 1 minute), which disrupts the quality of their sleep

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2
Q

Narcolepsy

A

A sudden attack of sleep (accompanied by loss of muscle tone)

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3
Q

Intermittent Explosive Disorder

A

When someone has problems controlling their aggressive impulses
Can be destructive
Disproportionate response to the trigger
Rule out drugs

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4
Q

Kleptomania

A

Compulsive stealing
Not done for a needed purpose (not actually poor)
Gets a rush from stealing clothes

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5
Q

Substance Use Disorder

A

Continuum of mild to severe
Failure to perform major role or obligations at work or home
Impacts social interactions
Made efforts to stop, but cannot stop (increased tolerance or dependence)

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6
Q

Substance Induced Disorders

A

(two types)
Substance Intoxication
Person is on the substance and is using the substance
Substance Withdrawal
Person is getting off of the substance

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7
Q

Substance induced mild nerocognitive disorder

A

Neurocognitive symptoms (difficulty learning, memory or executive functioning) associated with prolonged cocaine or meth use

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8
Q

Gambling Disorder

A

Compulsive gambling even when it is damaging to their life
Preoccupation with gambling
Even when losing, they keep going
Lie about gambling
**Rule out mania

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9
Q

Autism Spectrum Disorder

A

-0-5 years old
-Deficiency in social communication and interaction
Babies: poor eye contact, no back and forth play, not taking the toy
Older kids: do not play with kids, or poor play; no company play
-Repetitive behavior
Hand flapping
Hard time with transitions
Obsessed with one or a few things
Hypersensitivity to sensory stimuli
Sound, smell, tactile

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10
Q

Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder

A

JUST Impaired social communication
DD: NO repetitive behavior

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11
Q

Specific Learning Disorder

A

Specific to difficulty learning basic academic skills (compared to normal)
Shown in math or reading
May need to gain info in different way

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12
Q

ADHD

A

DD: First Rule out a LD
Need to present before the age of 12
Symptoms present in at least 2 settings (school and home)
Problems with sustained attention (Hard to sit and read, often interrupt others)
Problems with hyperactivity (cannot sit still, need to be moving)

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13
Q

Rumination Disorder

A

repeated regurgitation of food

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14
Q

Pica

A

persistent eating of NON-food substances

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15
Q

Language disorder

A

hard time building vocabulary (reduced vocabulary)
below what is considered normal for the developmental age
Often skip words in sentence (i.e. me go bathroom now)

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16
Q

Child onset fluency disorder

A

STUTTURING
Seen at 0-5 yo
Can be repeated word (I, I, I, I, etc)
Long pauses between words

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17
Q

Persistent Motor/Vocal Tic Disorder

A

Only ONE OR THE OTHER
Motor: physical hand movement that they cannot control
Vocal: shout out a word uncontrollably

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18
Q

Tourette’s

A

BOTH Motor AND Vocal tic

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19
Q

Encopresis

A

poop in bed or cloths (age 4+)

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20
Q

EnUresis:

A

Urine in bed or cloths (age 5+)
R/O trauma or sexual molestation

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21
Q

Separation Anxiety Disorder

A

-anxiety specific to separating from primary caregiver
-Kids: Sx needs to be present for 4 weeks
-Adults: Sx needs to be present for 6 months; can be anticipatory
-How it presents: constant worry when caregiver is not around

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22
Q

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

A

worrying about a lot of different things across multiple domains
(school + work + etc.)
Physical symptoms (tension, sweating, peeing)
Sx present for 6 months minimum

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23
Q

Selective mutism

A

person fails to speak in a particular situation (i.e. school hard to speak, but at home fine)

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24
Q

Social anxiety disorder

A

anxiety specific to being in social situation
Worry of being rejected, judged
Will decline or avoid specific situations/events

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25
Q

Reactive attachment disorder

A

Failure to thrive
9 months to 5 yo
Result from persistent neglect or abuse OR change in caregivers
Withdrawn
Do not seek comfort and do not respond to comfort
Sadness, fear
Hard to engage
Do not act out, sit by them selves, gave up

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26
Q

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

A

ODD: defiant, problems with authority, do not want to do what is told

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27
Q

Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder

A

Attach too easily
9 months to 5 yo
Result from persistent neglect or abuse OR change in caregivers
No boundaries (sit on new person’s lap and saying “take me home”)
Easily interact with others

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28
Q

Conduct Disorder

A

CD: law breaking activity, destroying property, no remorse, fights (violations of others)
Feeds into antisocial personality disorder:

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29
Q

Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder

A

DMDD: used to be called bipolar in children
Dx between 6-10 (17) yo
Chronical irritability, or moody
Frequent temper tantrums (at least 3 times per week)

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30
Q

Brief Psychotic Disorder

A

0-1 month
Delusion: belief that is false
Hallucinations (auditory or visual)
Disorganized speech (rambling or not making sense)
Disorganized behaviors (gestures that make no sense)
Negative Sx (flat affect, lost in thought)

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31
Q

Schizophreniform Disorder

A

1-6 months
Delusion: belief that is false
Hallucinations (auditory or visual)
Disorganized speech (rambling or not making sense)
Disorganized behaviors (gestures that make no sense)
Negative Sx (flat affect, lost in thought)

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32
Q

Schizophrenia

A

6 months or more
Delusion: belief that is false
Hallucinations (auditory or visual)
Disorganized speech (rambling or not making sense)
Disorganized behaviors (gestures that make no sense)
Negative Sx (flat affect, lost in thought)

Has had a psychotic episode

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33
Q

Major Depressive Disorder

A

MDD: depression Sx present for at least 2 weeks
Anhedonia, lack of motivation, change in Bio-functioning (sleep, change in appetite), SI, worthlessness

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34
Q

Unspecified Depressive Disorder

A

Depression without meeting criteria for MDD
Mild bio-functioning impairment
No SI

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35
Q

Persistent Depressive Disorder

A

Chronically and mildly depressed (like Unspecified for 2 years)
Kids: depressed mood for at least **1 year
Adults: Depressed mood for at least ** 2 years

36
Q

Bipolar I Disorder

A

Needs to have manic phase (elevated mood for at least 1 week)
Grandiosity, risky behavior, lack of need for sleep, excessive energy, euphoria
In denial that they are in a manic phase
Usually followed by depressive phase (but not required for bipolar 1)

37
Q

Bipolar II Disorder

A

Needs to have a hypomanic phase and major depressive episode
Hypomania: like lesser than mania for 4 days
Elevated mood but not impaired

38
Q

Cyclothymic Disorder

A

Sx present for 2 years

Hypomanic state alternates with low level mild depressive episode

39
Q

Unspecified Mood Disorder

A

Mood disorder significant, but does not meet criteria for other mood disorder not met

40
Q

Unspecified Bipolar Disorder

A

Does not meet the criteria for bipolar I, II or cyclothymia but has still experienced periods of clinically significant abnormal mood elevation.

41
Q

Schizoaffective disorder

A

Psychotic Sx present all of the time
Mood Sx come and go

42
Q

Bipolar 1 with psychotic features

A

Mood disorder is constant
Psychotic features come and go

43
Q

Bereavement

A

Grieving the lost of loved one (person or pet)
loss/anger in response to the death of a loved one

44
Q

Major Depressive Disorder

A

Can be present with bereavement if ALSO having problems with bio functioning, worthlessness, self harm or SI

45
Q

Adjustment Disorder With Depressed Mood

A

NOT diagnosed with bereavement
COMORBID with depression or anxiety
Reaction to something that happens with the persons environment
Recent life stressor: Divorce, move, losing a job
Sx have to be present WITHIN 3 months of the stressor
Acute -3mo to 6mo
Persistant +6mo

46
Q

Prolonged Grief Disorder

A

Adults: +12 mo
Children: +6mo
Duration and Severity : need to excede social, religious, and cultural norms

47
Q

Panic Disorder

A

Reoccurring unexpected panic attacks AND fear they will happen again
Avoidance

48
Q

Agoraphobia

A

Fear of going out in public in at least 2 situations (large crowds, crowded spaces)

49
Q

OCD

A

obsessive thoughts AND compulsive behaviors, ego dystonic

50
Q

OCPD

A

Perfectionist, controlling, very rigid people, not seen as an issue to the person, ego syntonic

51
Q

PTSD

A

Sx:
Incident or witnessed incident that is life threatening
Intrusive elements (flashbacks, Nightmares, Negative mood, Shame)
Behavioral: Avoid situations that remind them of incident
Arousal: Hypervigilance
**Diagnosed only AFTER 1 month after the incident

52
Q

Acute Stress disorder

A

Same Sx as PTSD
Sx present WITHIN 1 month of incident

53
Q

Adjustment disorder with anxiety

A

Sx of anxiety linked to event that is NOT life threatening
NO hypervigilance
NO flashbacks

54
Q

GAD

A

sx present for at least 6 months
Impact bio-functioning

55
Q

Anxiety Disorder Unspecified

A

Sx present for -6 months
Sx over 6 months that are not that severe

56
Q

Delirium

A

Marked shift in someone’s awareness process
Comes on quickly, lasts a few hours to a day
Seen in hospital setting
Impairments: memory, language, executive functioning
Symptoms: delusions or hallucinations

57
Q

Major Neurocognitive Disorder

A

AKA “dementia”
Loses ability to function independently
Serious issues with attention, executive functioning, attention
Seen in nursing home or skilled nursing facility
Make sure to rule out depression (typically depressed people are aware of their memory lapses).

58
Q

Mild Neurocognitive Disorder:

A

Precursor to major
Noticeable decline in functioning, but can still function independependently

59
Q

Somatic Symptom Disorder

A

Client has a somatic symptoms from an actual health illness (i.e. pain) & anxiety.
Persistent concern about the medical symptoms of their issue

60
Q

Illness Anxiety Disorder

A

Client does not have somatic symptoms, or if they do, then they are very mild
Exaggerated fear of getting an illness despite a doctor reassuring them they won’t
R/o: make sure they do not have a documented health condition.

61
Q

Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder

A

When a psych issue turns into a physical issue. A psych stressor converts to a somatic condition.
i.e. “bilnd rage” and they actually go blind
i.e. trauma in the body, and it feels like you no long have functioning in the limb.

62
Q

Factitious Disorder

A

(Formally known as Münchausen Syndrome)
person likes the attention from being sick

63
Q

Malingering

A

faking an illness to get out of something; not sick but looking to get out of responsibility’s
i.e. claim mental illness to get insurance money

64
Q

Factitious Disorder by Proxy

A

(Formally known as Münchausen Syndrome by Proxy):
parent likes the attention given to them if their child is sick…but, child is not actually sick.

65
Q

Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder

A

Person feels disconnected to reality…feel like a dreamlike state
The world feels surreal

66
Q

Dissociative Amnesia

A

Sudden forgetting of their pertinent personal information
Occurs post shocking event (i.e. natural disaster)

67
Q

Dissociative Identity Disorder

A

Formally known as multiple personality disorder
When a person has 2 or more distinct personality states
They cannot remember the other personalities
Comes from extreme abuse
Rare disorder

68
Q

Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder

A

Females report pain or fear of pain during intercourse
Great displeasure at thought of having sex

69
Q

Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder

A

Lack of sexual interest or arrousal

70
Q

Insomnia Disorder

A

Difficulties sleeping for 3 nights per week for 3 months
Difficulties falling asleep, staking asleep, or messed up sleep cycle
Rule out mania, MDD, or anxiety disorder

71
Q

Hypersomnolence Disorder

A

Someone has excessive sleepiness more that 7 hrs (up to 9hrs)
R/o MDD

72
Q

Nightmare Disorder

A

When someone wakes up with a nightmare, can recall the nightmare upon waking up

73
Q

Non-Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Disorder

A

(aka sleep terror disorder)
Recurrent episodes of incomplete waking
Cannot remember what they were dreaming about and do not fully wake up
Seen in people who sleep walk

74
Q

Ego-dystonic

A

Client is aware of and they do not want it there
i.e. depression, anxiety, OCD

75
Q

Ego-syntonic:

A

this is the client’s view of themselves
They do not see these personality characteristics are a problem
i.e. someone with a PD, usually do not see it is a problem (others see it is a problem

76
Q

Paranoid Personality Disorder

A

Irrational suspicions and distrust of others
Pervasive across all domains
Others are out to get them
World is hostile, and out to get them.

77
Q

Delusional Disorder

A

When someone experiences delusions (bizzare or non-bizzare)
Only delusions (no other schizophrenia symptoms)

78
Q

Schizoid Personality Disorder

A

“LONERS”
Ego-syntonic
Lack interest in social relationships
No interest in wanting to change
pervasive over time

79
Q

Avoidant Personality Disorder

A

LONELY people
Ego syntonic
They WANT to connect to others, but they are socially inhibited.
Think people will not like them, so they avoid social interactions for fear they will be evaluated negatively

80
Q

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

A

Viewed as a precurser to schizophrenia
Odd behavior or thinking
i.e. conspiracy theorists
magical thinking
bizarre fantasies
Lack close friends
Can dress weird
DD: Have NOT had a psychotic episode

81
Q

Antisocial Personality Disorder

A

Must be 18 or over to be diagnosed
Has to have history of conduct disorder (at least by the age of 15)
Pervasive pattern and disregard for the rights of others
i.e. law breaking behavior, lying, impulsive, aggressive, irresponsible, lack of remorse (after they did something harmful, they do not feel bad)

82
Q

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

A

Pervasive pattern of GRANDIOUSITY
Lack of empathy (not at all understanding what another person can think or feel)
Exaggerate achievements
Fantasies that they are special, unique, are entitled.
Can fly into a rage if they are put down
Common diagnosis for DV perpetrators

83
Q

Borderline Personality Disorder

A

Instability in relationships**
Suicidal Gestures
Black and white thinking
They love you, then they hate you
Frantic fear of real or imagined abandonment
If they feel like they are being abandoned, they can engage in self harm.
Can idealize the therapist, and devalue others
Sense of self fluctuates in relation to others
Feelings of emptiness and intense rage

84
Q

Histrionic Personality Disorder

A

Pervasive attention seeking behavior
Needs to be in the center of the attention
Seductive behavior (dress in a way to be seen)
Rapid shifting and shallow expression of emotion
Can be dramatic

85
Q

Dependent Personality Disorder

A

Difficulty making decisions without the reassurance from others
Need others to take control of their lives (basically a big baby)
Difficulty disagreeing with others, because they can loose support
Going along with the program without question
Hard time initiating problems or doing things on their own
Will take on unpleasant tasks to get people to like them
When alone, they are uncomfortable and helpless
Seek relationship for support (cannot be single at all)

86
Q

Timeline of:
Brief psychotic disorder
Schizophreniform
schizophrenia
schizoaffective

A

less than 1 month
1–6 months
over 6 months
a period of at least 2 weeks in which there are depressive or manic symptoms

MFT Theories (23 decks)

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