dsDNA - Papillomaviridae

Question 1

Talk about Papillomaviridae

Answer 1

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Question 2

Characteristics of Papillomaviridae and Polyomaviridae

Answer 2

1) dsDNA viruses, one molecule of DNA
2) Have a small, naked, icosahedral (20 sides) capsid
3) Once classified as a single family of viruses Papovaviridae

Question 3

Infections of Papilliomavirus

Answer 3

1) At least 100 varieties of papillomaviruses: cutaneous or mucosal HPV
2) Cause PAPILLOMAS
+ commonly known as warts
+Benign grtowths of the epithelium if skin or mucous membranes
3) Papillomas form on many body surfaces
4) Often painful and unsightly
5) Genital warts associated with an inceeased risk of cancer,
100% cervicaal cancers, anal, vaginal, penile, oral cancers, head and neck cancer (laryngeal papillomas)

Question 4

Types of warts

Answer 4

1) seed warts of the finger
2) Flat warts ( face, trunk, elbows, knees)
3) Plantar warts of soles of feet
4) Genital warts: Condylomata

Question 5

Pathogenesis of paillomavirus infections

Answer 5

1) HPV bind to integrins of epithelia cells of the basal layer through breaks in skin, cause cell proliferation (warts and papilloma), are shed with thr dead cells of the upper layer.
2) HPV 16 and 18 express oncongenes that bind and inactivate p53 and p105 retinobalstoma gene product, thus promoting cell growth, mutations, chromosomal aberrations
3) Associated risk factor fro cancer developement: genetic factors, immunosuppression, multiple sexual partners

Question 6

Epidemiology of papillomavirus infections

Answer 6

1) Transmitted via direct contact and via formites ( resistant in environment)
2) Autoinoculation spreads from one location to another on a person
3) Sexual intercourses: genital warts are among the more common sexually transmitted diseases.
4) Incubation time: warts take three to four months to develop following infection

Question 7

Diagnosis of papillomavirus

Answer 7

1) Diagnosis usually based in observation of the papillomas
2) DNA test to define the variant
3) Diagnose cancers by inspecting genitalia or by a PAP smear

Question 8

Treatment of Papillomavirus

Answer 8

1) Warts generally regress following cellular immune responses
2) Some warts can be removed through various methods (surgery, freezing, cauterization, laser, caustic chemicals). Recurrence.
3) Cancers treated with radiation or chemotherapy, surgery

Question 9

Prevention of Papillomavirus

Answer 9

1- Prevention of most types of warts is difficult
2- Genital warts prevented by abstinence or mutual monogamy, circumcision reduces the risk
3- Vaccine available against most common sexually transmitted strains: 3 doses of HPV vaccine for 11-1