Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NE Test #3 > DSA-Hypothalamic And Limbic Systems > Flashcards

DSA-Hypothalamic And Limbic Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Hypothalamus Function

A

Maintenance of homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Hypothalamus Location

A

Just posterior to optic chiasm, posterior merges into tegmentum and PAG, forms floor and ventral walls of 3rd ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Mammillary Bodies

A

Posterior part of hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Tuber Cinereum

A

Small swellings b/t mammillary bodies and optic tracts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Median eminence

A

Arises from tuber cinereum and narrows into infundibulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Nuclei of Medial Zone of HT: Supraoptic Region

A

Supraoptic/paraventricular nucleus:
-contain oxytocin and ADH
—lesion results in diabetes insipidus (=increase H20 and urination)

Suprachiasmatic Nucelus
-retinal input; involved in circadian rhythms

Anterior Nucelus
-range of visceral/somatic fxns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Nuclei of Medial HT: mammillary region

A

Medial mammillary nucleus
-afferents from hippocampus via fornix
-efferent to thalamus and Brainstem
—lesions=inability to turn short term memory into long term

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Tuberal Region of Hypothalamus

A

Ventromedial nucleus
-satiety venter
—lesions result in excessive eating

Dorsomedial Nucelus
-emotional behavior; stimulation causes sham rage
—destruction results in decreased aggression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Blood Supply to HT

A

Anteromedial group
-anterior comm and ACA

Posteromedial Group
-Posterior comm and PCA
—rostral part of PComm=tuberal, caudal part of PComm=mammillary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Afferents to HT

A

Fornix
-from subiculum and hippocampus
—largest single input to HT

Medial Forbrain bundle
-interconnects septal nuclei, HT and Midbrain

Amygalohypothalamic Fibers
-stria terminalis and Ventral amygdala fugal pathways

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Efferent from HT

A

Mammillary Fasciculus
-originates from medial mammillary nucleus
—splits into mammillothalamic and mammilotegmental tracts
—important part of circuit of Papez

Hypothalamothalamic Fibers
-from lateral prep-tic area to dorsomedial thalamus and amygdala

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

HT Direct link to ANS

A

Hypothalamomedullary Fibers
-to solitary nuc, dorsal Vargas motor nuc and nucleus Ambiguus

Hypothalamospinal fibers
-intermediolateral cell column
—lesions to anterolateral medulla disrupts (Horners)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Indirect Link of HT to ANS

A

Posterior Longitudinal Fasciculus and Mammillotegmental Tract
-target PAG, which will then go to other areas of Brainstem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Supraopticohypophysial Tract

A

Made of axons of neurons in SON and PVN

-produce Oxytocin and ADH, which is stored in Herring bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Tuberoinfundibular Tract of HT

A

Input from neurons in Periventricular zone, convey releasing hormones to median eminence and infundibulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Hippocampal Formation Afferent Pathway

A

Dentate Nucleus to CA3–>CA1–>subiculum

17
Q

Hippocampal Formation Efferent Pathway

A

Subiculus—>fornix

-projects to medial mammillary nuc, ventromedial nuc and anterior nucleus

18
Q

Amygdala afferent pathway

A

From Interior temporal association cortex, thalamus, and brainstem

19
Q

Amygdala Efferent pathways

A

Stria Terminalis
-output to hypothalamus and basal ganglia for motor responses

Ventral Amygdalofugal Pathway
-many areas of the brain

20
Q

Papez Circyuit

A

Cingulate Gyrus—>hippocampus

Hippocampus—> Fornix—>medial mammillary Nuclei

Medial Mammillary Nucleus—>anterior nucleus

Anterior Nucelus—>cingulate gyrus

21
Q

Septal Region of Limbic Structures

A

Rostral to anterior commissure and control of rage behavior

22
Q

Nucleus Accumbens of Limbic Structures

A

Plays important role in addiction and chronic pain

Efferents to HT, brainstem, and globus pallidus

23
Q

VTA of Limbic System

A

Medial to substantia nigra
-connections w ventral striatum

Efferents to Nucleus Accumbens and plays role in reward and motivation

24
Q

Hippocampal Amnesia

A

Bilateral lesion of hippocampi

-cannot learn new material (anterograde episodic memory) and spared procedural and working memory

25
Q

Korsakoff’s Syndrome

A

Thiamine Def; associated with chronic alcohol use
-impedes retention of newly acquired memory through degradation of mammillary bodies, hippocampus and dorsomedial nucleus

Difficulty understanding written material and meaningful convos

26
Q

Anosmia

A

Loss of smell through viral infection, obstruction, or congenital defect

27
Q

Phantosmia

A

Distortion in a smell experience or perception of smell when not present
-lesion of anterior/medial temporal lobe

28
Q

Kluver-Bucy Syndrome

A

Bilateral temporal lobe lesions that abolish amygdala

  • Visual agnosia
  • hyperorality (examine objects by mouth)
  • hypermetamorphosis (overreact to visual stim)
  • placidity (may not show fear when they should)
  • Hyperphagia
  • hypersexuality
29
Q

Uncal herniation

A

Uncut and parahippocampal gyrus over edge of tentorium cerebelli
-CN III, CST, and CBT all affected

NE Test #3 (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions