DSA- Cell Organelles

Question 1

What is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

Answer 1

ribosomes attached to it (rough ER), no ribosomes (smooth ER)
- protein synthesis, lipid synthesis, protein folding, storage of calcium

Question 2

Golgi aparatus

Answer 2

stacks of disc-like compartments

- Post-translational changes on proteins and lipids, trafficking

Question 3

Lysosomes

Answer 3

contain digestive enzymes that degrade organelles and biomolecules.

Question 4

Peroxisomes

Answer 4

small vesicular compartments that contain enzymes used in oxidation reactions. make and break h2o2

Question 5

Mitochondria inheritance and role of mtDNA in disease?

Answer 5

outer and inner membrane and matrix - Makes ATP, signaling, cell differentiation and cell death. Maternally inherited, cause 2oo mutations

Question 6

Nucleus

Answer 6

ontains the genome

- principal site for DNA and RNA synthesis

Question 7

Plasma Membrane

Answer 7

Plasma Membrane: outer boundary of cells, bilayer - protective barrier, has transporters, signaling

Question 8

What do Clathrin-coated vesicles do?

Answer 8

transporting products from the Golgi apparatus to lysosomes or products from the exterior of the cell to lysosomes

Question 9

Primary vs Secondary lysosomes?

Answer 9

Primary: storage site of lysosomal hydrolases
Secondary: digestive enzymes, active enzymes