Drugs your patient may be taking!

Question 1

Midodrine: What kind of a action and why do they take it?

Answer 1

1. Alpha 1 agonist
2. Postural hypotension
   NON-Catecholamine
   Direct Acting

Question 2

Oxymetazoline tetrahydrozolone and xylometazoline: What kind of action and why do they take it?

Answer 2

1. Alpha 1 agonist
2. Nasal and ocular decongestion
   NON-Catecholamine
   Direct acting

Question 3

Clonidine: What kind of action and why do they take it?

Answer 3

Partial alpha 2 selective agonist.

Decreased SNS output from CNS so decreases BP, sedation and analgesia.

Question 4

What kind or half life dose clonidine have compared to dex?

Answer 4

Longer

Question 5

What kind of action does dex have?

Answer 5

Full alpha 2 agonist.

Question 6

Methyldopa: what kind of action?

Answer 6

selective A2 agonist.

Question 7

Are amphetamines direct or indirect acting?

Answer 7

Indirect.

Question 8

What four things happen when a person takes amphetamines?

Answer 8

1. Increased release of NE, 5HT and DA.
2. Blocks reuptake
3. Blocks vesicular transport
4. Inhibits MAO

Question 9

Methamphetamine is similar to amphetamines but more dangerous how?

Answer 9

Higher CNS effects.

Question 10

Methylphenidate (ritalin) and permoline (cylert) are variants of? For what?

Answer 10

Amphetamine

ADHD.

Question 11

What results from reserpine? What is common with this drug?

Answer 11

Vesicles lose the ability to store NE, 5HT and DA. MAO breaks down excess except in high doses.
Hypotension and psychiatric depression.

Question 12

Cocaine messes with catecholamines how?

Answer 12

1. Prevents reuptake of NE, DA and 5HT

2. Interferes with catecholamine transport.

Question 13

Prazosin: What receptors? When is it used?

Answer 13

1. Selective alpha 1 blocker (minimal alpha 2)
2. Less reflexive tachycardia
3. Control of BP in pheochromocytoma

Question 14

Yohimibine: What receptors? When is it used? What do we need to remember?

Answer 14

1. Selective alpha 2 blocker
2. Increases the release of NE from the post-synaptic neuron
3. Used with orthostatic hypotension, impotence.

*Classical stores may be different, these patients could be more labile and tricky to manage.

Question 15

Terazosin and Tamulosin: When are they used? How do they work?

Answer 15

1. BPH
2. Long acting selective alpha-1a (pretty darn specific) particularly effective in prostatic smooth muscle relaxation

• no hypotension.

Question 16

Timolol

Answer 16

1. Non selective beta blocker
2. Used to treat glaucoma- decreased IOP by decreasing production of aqueous humor (b2)
3. Eye drops can cause decreased BP, decreased HR and increased airway resistance.

Question 17

Nandolol

Answer 17

1. non selective beta blocker

2. E1/2 time of 20-40 hours

Question 18

Betaxolol

Answer 18

1. Cardioselective B1 blocker
2. E1/2 is 11-22 hours
3. Single dose daily for HTN
4. Topical used for glaucoma, with less risk of bonchospasm as seen with timolol so good alternative choice in asthmatics with glaucoma.