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Neuro Muscular Psych Block 1 > Drugs of Abuse > Flashcards

Drugs of Abuse Flashcards

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1
Q

Drugs of Abuse Duration of Symptoms

Alcohol, Tobacco, Marijuana, Inhalants, Stimulants, Depressants, Hallucinogens, Narcotics, PCP

A 
Alcohol:  1 hour per serving
Tobacco: 20 minutes
Marijuana: 2-4 hours
Inhalants: 5 minutes - 8 hours 
Stimulants: 5 minutes - 12 hours
Depressants: 1-16 hours 
Hallucinogens: 5 minutes - 12 hours
Narcotics: 4-24 hours
PCP: 4-6 hours
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2
Q

Most Commonly Abused Prescription Drugs

Painkillers (3) Depressants (3) Stimulants (2)

A

Painkillers: Fentanyl, Hydrocodone, Oxycodone

Depressants: Alprazolam, Zolpidem, Zaleplon

Stimulants: Adderal, Methylphenidate

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3
Q

Stimulant Drug Symptoms

Overdose (7) and Withdrawal (5)

A 
Agitation
HTN
Tachycardia
Delusions
Hallucinations
Hyperthermia
Seizures
Apathy
Irritability
Sleep
Disorientation
Depression
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4
Q

Depressant Drug Symptoms

Overdose (1) and Withdrawal (6)

A

Drunken behavior

Anxiety
Insomnia
Delirium
Tremors
Seizures
Death
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5
Q

Opioid Drug Symptoms

Overdose (4) and Withdrawal (6)

A

Constricted pupils
Drowsy
Respiratory Depression
Death

Nausea
Chills 
Cramps
Lacrimation
Hyperpnea
Tremor
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6
Q

Nicotine Addiction Pharmacotherapy

Drug with Mechanism of Action

A

Varenicline

Nicotinic receptor partial agonist

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7
Q

Caffeine Uses (5)

A 
Mental Alertness
Migraines
Asthma
ADHD
Improving memory
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8
Q

Alcohol

Biotransformation (3) Metabolism Capability and Pharmacokinetics (3)

A

Alcohol dehydrogenase turns ethanol into acetaldehyde
Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase makes acetate
Thiokinase makes Acetyl CoA

7-10 grams of alcohol per hour (~1 drink)

Zero Order Kinetics:
Amount of ADH is rate limiting factor
Rate remains constant independent of concentration or amount of alcohol

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9
Q

Acute Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome

Complications (5) and Treatments (4)

A 
Seizures
Delirium
Arrhythmias
Electrolyte Imbalances
Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome

Diazepam
Lorazepam
Oxazepam
Thiamine (and Glucose)

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10
Q

Alcohol Abuse Pharmacotherapy

Drugs (3) with Mechanisms of Action

A

Naltrexone: long acting opioid mu antagonist

Acamprosate: NMDA antagonist and GABAa agonist

Disulfiram: irreversible aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor

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11
Q

Disulfiram Side Effects (6) and Cause

A

Caused by aldehyde buildup from even small amounts of alcohol ingestion

Flushing 
Headache
Vomiting
Sweating
Hypotension
Confusion
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12
Q 
Methanol or Ethylene Glycol Poisoning
Toxic Metabolites (2) and Treatments (2)
A 
Formaldehyde (methanol)
Gyloxylic acid (ethylene glycol)

Ethanol
Fomepizole

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Neuro Muscular Psych Block 1 (7 decks)

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