Drugs for test 2.2 Flashcards
Furosemide
Diuretic, inhibits NKCC2 symporter causes less fluid retention
Treats HF with volume overload, edema, hypercalcemia, and hypertension
Side effects include: alkolosis, ototoxicity, low electrolytes, and hyperuricemia
Lisinopril
ACE inhibitor, blocks angiotensin 2 effects: increase blood pressure
Treats systolic HF, HF post ACS, hypertension
Side effects include: bradykinin cough, hyperkalemia
Losartan
Angiotensin II TypeI antagonist, blocks angiotensin 2 effects: increase blood pressure
Treats Sys HF, HF post ACS, hypertension
Side effects: NO COUGH, hyperkalemia
Spironolactone
Aldosterone receptor antagonist, blocks aldosterone effects: salt and water retention to increase BP
Treats Sys and Dia HF, hyperaldosteronism, and hypertension
Side effects include Hyperkalemia and endocrine
Metropolol
Blocks B1 activity causing decreased heart rate and contractility
Treats Chronic Sys HF, hypertension, and angina
Side effects include Bradycardia, AV block, fatigue, and broncho constriction
Carvedilol
A1 and B antagonist causing decreased heart rate, contractility and vasodilitation
Treats Chronic Sys HF, hypertension, and angina
Side effects include Bradycardia, AV block, fatigue, and bronchoconstriction
Isosorbide Dinitrate
Metabolized into NO causing vasodilation; used with hydralizine
Treats Sys HF
Side effects include Tachycardia, hypotension, and headache
Hydralizine
Activates K channels in vascular smooth muscle hyperpoplarizing the cell and preventing smooth muscle contraction
Treats Sys HF, angina, hypertensive crisis, pregnancy induced hypertension
Side effects include techycardia, hypotension, and headache
Sacubitril
Inhibits neprilysin which breaks down atrial natiuretic peptide causing vasodilation and salt/water secretion
Treats Sys HF
Side effects include hyperkalemia, cough, and hypotension
Digoxin
Increases internal Na cell levels, preventing Ca2 release increasing cell levels and contractility
Treats Sys HF, A fib and flutter
Side effects include Arrhythmia, vision disturbances
Dobutamine
B1 agonist increasing HR and contractility
Treats acute HF and cardiac stress test
Side effects include Arrhythmia
Molrimone
Phosphodiesterase type 3 inhibitor which causes more cAMP activating B receptors increasing contractility and vasodilating
Treats acute HF
Side effects include Arrhythmia
Procainamide
Inhibits Na channels to control A and V tach; middle effect on Vmax
Side effects include arrhytmias, hypersensitivity reactions, long QT
Lidocaine
Inhibits Na channels to control V tach; lowest or no effect on Vmax
Side effects include CNS stimulation or depression
Flecainide
Inhibits Na channels to control A tach with normal ventricular function; highest Vmax effect
Side effects include Arrythmias
Amiodarone
Inhibit K and Na channels to control A and V tachy
Side effects include long QT, hypotension, pulmonary fibrosis, hepatotoxicity, thyroid toxicity, corneal deposits
Dronaderone
Inhibits K and Na channels to control A and V arrythmias
Side effects include long QT and bradycardia
Dofetilide
Inhibits K channels to control Atrial arrythmias
Side effects include Long QT
Sotalol
Inhibits K channels and B receptos to control A and V arrhythmias
Side effects cause long QT
Verapamil
Ca channel cardioselective blocker to control mainly atrial arrythmia, angina, and hypertension
Side effects include Headache, bradycardia, constipation and edema
Adenosine
Converts AV nodal dependent arrythmias via activation of adenosine receptors
