Drugs for test 2.2

Question 1

Furosemide

Answer 1

Diuretic, inhibits NKCC2 symporter causes less fluid retention

Treats HF with volume overload, edema, hypercalcemia, and hypertension

Side effects include: alkolosis, ototoxicity, low electrolytes, and hyperuricemia

Question 2

Lisinopril

Answer 2

ACE inhibitor, blocks angiotensin 2 effects: increase blood pressure

Treats systolic HF, HF post ACS, hypertension

Side effects include: bradykinin cough, hyperkalemia

Question 3

Losartan

Answer 3

Angiotensin II TypeI antagonist, blocks angiotensin 2 effects: increase blood pressure

Treats Sys HF, HF post ACS, hypertension

Side effects: NO COUGH, hyperkalemia

Question 4

Spironolactone

Answer 4

Aldosterone receptor antagonist, blocks aldosterone effects: salt and water retention to increase BP

Treats Sys and Dia HF, hyperaldosteronism, and hypertension

Side effects include Hyperkalemia and endocrine

Question 5

Metropolol

Answer 5

Blocks B1 activity causing decreased heart rate and contractility

Treats Chronic Sys HF, hypertension, and angina

Side effects include Bradycardia, AV block, fatigue, and broncho constriction

Question 6

Carvedilol

Answer 6

A1 and B antagonist causing decreased heart rate, contractility and vasodilitation

Treats Chronic Sys HF, hypertension, and angina

Side effects include Bradycardia, AV block, fatigue, and bronchoconstriction

Question 7

Isosorbide Dinitrate

Answer 7

Metabolized into NO causing vasodilation; used with hydralizine

Treats Sys HF

Side effects include Tachycardia, hypotension, and headache

Question 8

Hydralizine

Answer 8

Activates K channels in vascular smooth muscle hyperpoplarizing the cell and preventing smooth muscle contraction

Treats Sys HF, angina, hypertensive crisis, pregnancy induced hypertension

Side effects include techycardia, hypotension, and headache

Question 9

Sacubitril

Answer 9

Inhibits neprilysin which breaks down atrial natiuretic peptide causing vasodilation and salt/water secretion

Treats Sys HF

Side effects include hyperkalemia, cough, and hypotension

Question 10

Digoxin

Answer 10

Increases internal Na cell levels, preventing Ca2 release increasing cell levels and contractility

Treats Sys HF, A fib and flutter

Side effects include Arrhythmia, vision disturbances

Question 11

Dobutamine

Answer 11

B1 agonist increasing HR and contractility

Treats acute HF and cardiac stress test

Side effects include Arrhythmia

Question 12

Molrimone

Answer 12

Phosphodiesterase type 3 inhibitor which causes more cAMP activating B receptors increasing contractility and vasodilating

Treats acute HF

Side effects include Arrhythmia

Question 13

Procainamide

Answer 13

Inhibits Na channels to control A and V tach; middle effect on Vmax

Side effects include arrhytmias, hypersensitivity reactions, long QT

Question 14

Lidocaine

Answer 14

Inhibits Na channels to control V tach; lowest or no effect on Vmax

Side effects include CNS stimulation or depression

Question 15

Flecainide

Answer 15

Inhibits Na channels to control A tach with normal ventricular function; highest Vmax effect

Side effects include Arrythmias

Question 16

Amiodarone

Answer 16

Inhibit K and Na channels to control A and V tachy

Side effects include long QT, hypotension, pulmonary fibrosis, hepatotoxicity, thyroid toxicity, corneal deposits

Question 17

Dronaderone

Answer 17

Inhibits K and Na channels to control A and V arrythmias

Side effects include long QT and bradycardia

Question 18

Dofetilide

Answer 18

Inhibits K channels to control Atrial arrythmias

Side effects include Long QT

Question 19

Sotalol

Answer 19

Inhibits K channels and B receptos to control A and V arrhythmias

Side effects cause long QT

Question 20

Verapamil

Answer 20

Ca channel cardioselective blocker to control mainly atrial arrythmia, angina, and hypertension

Side effects include Headache, bradycardia, constipation and edema

Question 21

Adenosine

Answer 21

Converts AV nodal dependent arrythmias via activation of adenosine receptors