drugs for pcos and endometriosis

Question 1

rotterdam criteria for pcos

Answer 1

1. hyerandrogenism > 60 ng/dl
2. amennorhea >3 months oligomennorhea > 45 days or 8 cycles
3. polycystic ovaries,12 follicles in one or boh ovaries, 2-9 mm in diameter

Question 2

symptoms/signs for pcos

Answer 2

1. insulin resistance.
2. alopecia, male-pattern baldness
3. excessive hair growth
4. acne,
5. hirutism
6. infertility
   7.weight gain or difficulty losing weight

Question 3

mentrual irregularaties are managed by

Answer 3

ocp- combined estrogen and progestins pills

Question 4

mechanism of progestins to control menstrual abnormalities

Answer 4

suppresses the LH,
inhibits endometrial proliferation, preventing hyperplasia (controls menses)
(also reducing the unopposed action of estrogen)

Question 5

cyproterone is a

Answer 5

Combination of ethinyl estradiol and cyproterone acetate

Question 6

cyproterone acetate moa

Answer 6

blocks the androgen receptors so testosterone and 5 alpha reductase are not able to bind

Question 7

cyproternoen acetate uses

Answer 7

maintains mentrual cycle, counteracts hyperandrogenism, treats hirutism

Question 8

Drospirenone is a

Answer 8

analogue of spironolactone

Question 9

Drospirenone moa

Answer 9

anti-mineralcorticoid activity, anti-androgenic activity
sodium excretion and water follows so estrogen related fluid retention is controlled

Question 10

medroxyprogesterone moa

Answer 10

1. decreasing GnRH production by negative feedback reducing testosterone and estrogen production by the ovary.
2. induce menstruation in amenorrhoeic women
3. in women not planning a preg, they counter the se of unoppsed estrogen

Question 11

adverse effects of progestins

Answer 11

vaginal candiasis
breakthrough bleeding
dysmenorrhea
amennorhea,
breast tenderness
edema
ance
thromboembloic disorder
pulmonary embolism

Question 12

spironolactone effects

Answer 12

dec production of testosterone as it inhibits the 17 alphahydroxylase enxyme thats is req for testosterone synthesis

Question 13

combination of anti adrogens

Answer 13

ee+cyproterone acetate
ee+drospirnenone
ee+desogestrel(inhibits gnrh thus fsh and lh secretion reduces, establish reg menstrual cycle and the progestin part reduces risk of endometrial hyperlplasia)

Question 14

insulin sensitizers moa

Answer 14

1. increase the sensitivity of insulin receptors
2. dec gluconeogenesis
3. red absorption of glucose from the liver
   4.increase shbg so free testosterone decreases

Question 15

metformin moa

Answer 15

increases glucose uptake, lipogenesis

Question 16

se of metformin

Answer 16

nausea, vomitting and diarhea

Question 17

treatment of ance in pcos

Answer 17

oral antibiotics erythromycin and isotretinion ointment
also ocp like cyproterone acetate

Question 18

drug to help with fertility in pcos

Answer 18

clomiphene citrate, letrozole

Question 19

letrozole moa

Answer 19

inhibits arotamase enzyme thus lowering estrogen levels, thus causing gnrh to release fsh enough to stimulate 1 follicle

Question 20

drugs for endmetriosis

Answer 20

nsaids,combined e,p contraceptives, progestins-only preparations, androgens, gnrh agonsists, arotomase inhibitors