androgens and anti androgens

Question 1

androgens indication

Answer 1

primary or sec hypogonadism in males

Question 2

anti androgen indications

Answer 2

males- bph, prostate cancer, hair loss
females- hirutism and hyperandrogenism like male pattern baldness in pcos

Question 3

testosterone uses

Answer 3

1. development of primary and secondary sexual characteristics
2. erythropoiesis
   3.anabolic effects- growth spurt in puberty by making the bones longer, closure of the epiphyseal plate in late puberty.
3. development of broad shoulders and muscular arms and legs.

Question 4

testosterone route?

Answer 4

subcutaneous implantation, by a transdermal patch, or via buccal administration.

Question 5

types of synthetic androgens?

Answer 5

the testosterone derivatives and the anabolic steroids.

Question 10

synthetic androgens divided into

Answer 10

1. fluoxymesterone and methyltestosterone, which are given orally
2. testosterone esters like testosterone cypionate which are long acting androgens given by intramuscular depot injection.

Question 10

testosterone derivatives indications

Answer 10

testosterone replacement therapy in hypogonadism in biological males,
primary hypogonadism meaning testicular disease, and in secondary hypogonadism or hypopituitarism meaning pituitary disease
stimulate anabolism as a means of promoting recovery after a burn or injury,
promote weight gain in patients with wasting syndromes, like those with cancer or AIDS.

Question 10

se of testosterone derivates in females

Answer 10

masculinization in females, which includes
enlargement of the clitoris,
acne, and
hirsutism,
menstrual irregularity

Question 10

se of testosterone derivates in males

Answer 10

excessive doses inhibit LH release via a negative feedback mechanism which leads to a decrease in intratesticular testosterone and gonadal atrophy.

This inhibition of the pituitary can cause paradoxical feminization, including gynecomastia and infertility.

premature closure of epiphyseal plates, which impairs growth in children.

increase of low density lipoprotein, or LDL, and a decrease of high density lipoprotein, or HDL, which leads to obesity.

Question 11

anabolic steriods names?

Answer 11

nandrolone and oxandrolone.

Question 12

clinical indication of anabolic steriods?

Answer 12

treatment of aplastic anemia, , abused by athletes, weight gain in patients of wasting syndrome

Question 13

se of steriod androgens

Answer 13

cholestatic jaundice
increasing liver enzyme levels, hepatocellular carcinoma
increase the risk of coronary heart disease.

Question 14

anti androgens consists of

Answer 14

androgen receptor inhibitors, 5α-reductase inhibitors, and inhibitors of testosterone synthesis.

Question 15

androgen receptor antagonist

Answer 15

flutamide and spironolactone.

Question 16

flutamide moa

Answer 16

nonsteroidal competitive antagonist of androgen receptors that inhibits the translocation of steroid receptors to the nucleus

Question 17

flutamide indication

Answer 17

prostate cancer

Question 18

flutamide se

Answer 18

gynecomastia
hot flashes,
breast tenderness
sexual dysfunction including reduced libido and erectile dysfunction, as well as gastrointestinal disturbances like diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting.

Question 19

spironolactone moa

Answer 19

acts also as a steroidal antagonist to androgen receptors.

Question 20

spironolactone indications

Answer 20

hirsutism, pcos, reduce androgenic symptoms like male-pattern baldness in men

Question 21

spironolactone se

Answer 21

gynecomastia and amenorrhea, which is the absence of ovulation and menses.

Question 22

5α-reductase inhibitors name?

Answer 22

finasteride

Question 23

finasteride moa

Answer 23

inhibit the enzyme 5α-reductase, which is the enzyme responsible for the conversion of testosterone into dihydrotestosterone or DHT.

Question 24

finasteride indications

Answer 24

bph, in low doses to prevent hair loss at lower doses

Question 25

finasteride se?

Answer 25

, finasteride can cause gynecomastia, infertility, and sexual dysfunction, but less frequently than the other antiandrogens because it does not interfere with the action of testosterone.