Drugs for Pain

Question 1

What drug is used to treat glaucoma that targets a machr agonist

Answer 1

Pilocarpine (miotic) is an eye drop used to reduce intracoular pressure

Question 2

What drug is used to treat urinary retention and or constipation that targets a machr agonist

Answer 2

• Bethanechol helps to increase gut motility and relieve urinary retention

Question 3

What drug is used to treat ophthalmic

Answer 3

• Tropicamide to aid eye examinations and dilate the pupils

Question 4

What drug is used to treat asthma and copd

Answer 4

• Orally inhaled aerosol

    ○ Short acting drugs such as ipratropim bromide are often used in acute asthma episodes and longer lasting m3 / m2 tiotropim is used in the treatment of COPD

Question 5

What drug is used to reduce intestinal motility

Answer 5

• Atropine or dicycloverine are used as smooth muscle relaxnts

Question 6

where are nAch muscle receptors located

Answer 6

postsynaptic neuromuscular junction

Question 7

what 2 agonists effects nAch muscle receptors

Answer 7

Acetylcholine
Succinylcholine

Question 8

what 2 antagonists effects nAch muscle receptors

Answer 8

Tubocurare
pancuronium

Question 9

where is nAch ganglion receptors located

Answer 9

ganglia

Question 10

what 2 agonists effects nAch ganglion receptors

Answer 10

acetylcholine
nicotine

Question 11

what 2 antagonists effects nAch ganglion receptors

Answer 11

trimetaphan
hexamethonium

Question 12

where are nAch CNS receptors located

Answer 12

pre and post synaptic

Question 13

what are 2 agonists that effect nAch cns receptors

Answer 13

nicotine
acetylcholine

Question 14

what is 1 antagonists that effect nAch cns receptors

Answer 14

mecamylamine

Question 15

what type of action does pancuronium have

Answer 15

competitive blocker of nACHrs

Question 16

what type of action does vecuronium have

Answer 16

competitive blocker of nACHrs

Question 17

what type of action does atracurium have

Answer 17

competitive blocker of nACHrs

Question 18

what type of action does suxamethonium have

Answer 18

depolarizing blocker of nACHRs

Question 19

what type of blocker is ipratropiun

Answer 19

muscarinic achr blocker

Question 20

what type of blocker is darifenacin

Answer 20

muscarinic achr blocker

Question 21

what type of blocker is pancuronium

Answer 21

nicotinic achr blocker

Question 22

what type of blocker is suxamethonium

Answer 22

nicotinic achr blocker

Question 23

what converts acetyl choline in the synaptic cleft into acetate and choline

Answer 23

acetyl choline esterase

Question 24

what are carrier blockers

Answer 24

blocks the transport system i.e. when choline and acetate try to enter back into the synapse or when they are packaged into vesicles

Question 25

what are 2 examples of carrier blockers

Answer 25

hemicholinum
vesamicol

Question 26

what is an example of vesicle release blocker

Answer 26

botulinum

Question 27

what enzyme blockers can be used in cholinergic transmission

Answer 27

anticholinesterases

Question 28

what are 2 examples of anticholinesterases

Answer 28

donepezil
rivastigmine

Question 29

what are 3 therapeutic uses of anticholineesterases

Answer 29

myasthenia gravis

dementia

reversal of competitive neuromuscular block after anaesthesia

Question 30

what is myasthenia gravis

Answer 30

autoimmune disease leading to depletion of nAChRs at NMJ

Question 31

what is dementia

Answer 31

e.g. alzheimers disease associated with a loss of cholinergic neurones in basal forebrain