Diabetes Flashcards
What are the two types of blood glucose test
capillary blood test
venous plasma blood glucose
What is the limit of plasma glucose in a random test
11.1 mmol/l
below 200mg / dl
What is fasting limit glucose at normal level
below
5.5 mmo/l
100 mg/dl
What is fasting limit glucose at prediabetic level
below 6.9
100 - 125mg / dl
What is fasting limit glucose at diabetic level
7 mmol / l >
126>
What is the normal level of a 2 hour post prandial test
<7.8
below 140
What is prediabetic level of a 2 hour post prandial
7.8 - 11 mmo/l
140 - 199 mg/dl
What is the diabetic level of a 2 hour post prandial
11.1 mmol/l or more
200mg / dl
main cause of diabetes type 1
Polygenic autoimmune disorder which leads to destruction of the β cells in the Islets of Langerhans of the pancreas, resulting in insulin deficiency
Main cause of type 2 diabetes
A polygenic disorder which leads to a decrease in the mass of β cells in the islets of langerhans, leading to a reduced secretion of insulin and insulin resistance
what are the main test we can use to diagnose diabetes
Urine dipstick
Rand venous plasma glucose test
Fasting venous plasma glucose test
oral glucose tolerance test
glycogen haemoglobulin levels
what is the gold standard test
oral glucose tolerance test
how is an oral glucose tolerance test carried out
fasting blood sugar
drink sweet drink
take blood samples every 30 minutes or 1 blood after 2 hours
Short term complications of diabetes
Hypoglycaemia
Ketoacidosis
Hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state
long term complications of diabetes
cardiovascular disease
diabetic retinopathy
diabetic nephropathy
diabetic neuropathy
