Drugs For Gastric Acid & Ulcers Flashcards
Drugs For Gastric Acid & Ulcers types?
- Manage Gastric Acidity Agents
- Mucosal Protective Agents
- Quadruple / Triple Therapy
Manage Gastric Acidity Agents types?
- Antacids
- H2 Antagonists
- Proton Pump Inhibitors
Antacids drugs?
NaHCO3, CaCO3, Mg(OH)2, Al(OH)3
May be used with simeticone to reduce
bloating and flatulence
Antacids mechanism of action?
Direct neutralization of gastric acids
Antacids side effects and contraindications?
- Na+: CHF & oedema
- Ca2+: Hypercalcemia
- Mg2+: Diarrhoea
- Al3+: Constipation
- CO32-: Flatulence
• Not taken with other drugs as can influence absorption
H2 Antagonists drugs?
Cimetidine, Ranitidine
H2 Antagonists
- Antagonism of H2 receptors to reduce gastric acid secretions elicited by gastrin, histamine, vagal tone
- Most effective against nocturnal secretion to allow for ulcer healing as there is no food in the stomach
H2 Antagonists
• Cimetidine: nervousness, convulsions, gynaecomastia, galactorrhea
Proton Pump Inhibitors drugs?
Omeprazole, Lansoprazole
-Take on empty stomach as absorption is
reduced by food
Proton Pump Inhibitors
- Direct inhibition of H+/K+ ATPase on parietal cells
* Slow onset of action but long lasting
Proton Pump Inhibitors
• Well tolerated – mild headache and nausea
Mucosal Protective Agents types?
- Sulfacrate
- Bismuth
- Misoprostol
Sulfacrate mechanism of action?
• Broken down to give sucrose sulphate and Al3+
– Sucrose sulphate (negative) binds to positively charged ions on the ulcer bed and leads to the formation of a protective layer
– Al3+ has some antacid effect
Sulfacrate Side Effects & Contraindications?
- Poor compliance (4x day)
* Constipation
Bismuth drugs?
Bismuth subcitrate potassium
