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DRUGS FOR FINAL Flashcards

1
Q

Simethicone

A
  • Colic
    • De-foaming agent, claims to help gi discomfort via trapped gas
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2
Q

Dicyclomine (bentylol)

A
  • Colic
    Anti-spasmodic
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3
Q

Acetaminophen (Dose)

A
  • Analgesic/ antipyretic
    • 10-15mg/kg every 4-6 hours (max 75mg/kg/day)
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4
Q

Ibuprofen (dose)

A
  • Analgesic/ antipyretic
    • 5-10mg/kg every 6-8 hours (max 40mg/kg/day)
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5
Q

Pseudoephedrine

A

Oral decongestant
- noradrenalin-mediated decongestion through alpha receptors (causing them to shrink and not be as leaky)

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6
Q

Phenylpropanolamine (not used anymore)

A
  • Oral decongestant
    • noradrenalin-mediated decongestion through alpha receptors (causing them to shrink and not be as leaky)
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7
Q

Phenylephrine

A
  • Oral decongestant
    • noradrenalin-mediated decongestion through alpha receptors (causing them to shrink and not be as leaky)
    • Is effected by MAO
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8
Q

Oxymetazoline

A
  • Topical decongestant
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9
Q

Xylometazoline

A
  • Topical decongestant
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10
Q

DM

A
  • Cough suppressant (centrally acting)
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11
Q

Codeine

A
  • Cough suppressant (centrally acting)
    • Effected by 2D6
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12
Q

Diphenhydramine

A
  • 1st gen antihistamine
    • Also has Cough suppressant (centrally acting) through anti cholinergic effects
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13
Q

Honey

A
  • Locally acting cough suppressant
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14
Q

Menthol/ camphor

A
  • Locally acting cough suppressant
    • Hits cool receptors
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15
Q

Guaifenesin

A
  • Expectorant
    • Locally acting through stimulating the goblet cells in esophagus
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16
Q

Hydrocodone (DH)

A
  • Cough suppressant (centrally acting)
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17
Q

3 types of first gen antihistamines

A
  • promethazine > ethanolamines> alkylamines
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18
Q

Chlorpheniramine

A

First gen antihistamine

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19
Q

Triprolidine

A

First gen antihistamine

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20
Q

Fexofenadine

A

2nd gen antihistamine

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21
Q

Cetirizine

A

2nd gen antihistamine

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22
Q

Loratadine

A

2nd gen antihistamine

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23
Q

Menthol 2 different % and what they are

A
  • <1% anti-pruritic
    >1% counter irritant
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24
Q

Hydrocortisone

A

Topical steroid (low potency)

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25
Q

Clobetasol

A
  • Topical steroid around 4 on potency scale
    Spectro eczema
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26
Q

Calcineurin inhibitors

A

Can be used in eczema after steroids

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27
Q

Lidocaine

A

Numbing agent

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28
Q

Mupirocin

A

Used to treat impetigo (5-7 days)or folliculitis (7-14 days)

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29
Q

Fusidic acid (add time period)

A

Used to treat impetigo (7-14 days)or folliculitis (7-14 days)

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30
Q

Montelukast

A

Leukotriene antagonist

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31
Q

GBH/lindane

A
  • pediculicides
    • Treatment for lice
      Off market now
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32
Q

Pyrethins (+ piperonyl butoxide)

A
  • pediculicides
    Used in lice/ pubic lice
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33
Q

Permethrin 1%

A
  • pediculicides
    • Used for lice
      Synthetic pyrethroid
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34
Q

SH-206

A
  • Physical lice agent
    Not used anymore (ahead of its time)
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35
Q

Isopropyl myristate

A

Physical lice agent

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36
Q

Coconut/ anise oil

A

Physical lice agent

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37
Q

Dimethicone

A

Physical lice agent

38
Q

What are all of the agents used in lice treatment (both physical and pediculicides

A

a) physical
-isopropyl myristate
-coconut/anise oil
-dimethicone

b)pediculicides
- GBH/lindane
- Permethrin 1%
- pyrethins

39
Q

What is NYDA

A
  • Dimethicone
    • 30 minutes of contact, nit pick and leave in for 8 hours then wash out and recheck in 8-10 days
40
Q

Salicylic acid 0.5-2%

A
  • Acne/ dandruff
    • Keratolytic (softening agent)
41
Q

Benzoyl peroxide

A
  • Acne
    • Antibacterial
42
Q

Topical retinoids

A
  • Acne
    • Decrease cohesiveness of follicular wall/ increase penetration of other agents
43
Q

Adapalene

A
  • Topical retinoid
    • Least potent/ irritating
    • Category c with pregnancy’s
44
Q

Tretinoin

A
  • Topical retinoid
    • Most photosentive
    • Category x in pregnancy
45
Q

Tazarotene

A
  • Topical retinoid
    • Most potent (more for psoriasis)
46
Q

Clindamycin

A
  • Topical antibiotic (antibacterial, used for inflammatory acne)
47
Q

Erythromycin

A
  • Topical antibiotic (antibacterial, used for inflammatory acne)
48
Q

Tetracycline

A
  • Oral antibiotic
49
Q

Minocycline

A
  • Oral antibiotic
50
Q

Doxycycline

A
  • Oral antibiotic
51
Q

Isotretinoin (dose)

A
  • Oral retinoid
    • 0.5-1mg/kg for 12-16 weeks
52
Q

Oral contraceptives within this class

A
  • Can aid with acne
    • If androgen/ progesterone are high can make it worse
53
Q

Coal tar

A
  • Cytostatic (slow down the renewal of skin rate)
54
Q

Selenium sulfide

A
  • Cytostatic/ antifungal
    Used in dandruff/seborrhea
55
Q

Zinc pyrithione

A
  • Cytostatic/ antifungal
    Used in dandruff/seborrhea
56
Q

Ciclopirox

A
  • Cytostatic/ antifungal
    • Used in dandruff/ seborrhea/ Tinea
    • Rx
57
Q

Pimercroliums cream

A
  • Second line therapy usually for eczema but also seborrhea
58
Q

Ketoconazole

A
  • Antifungal
    • 2% cream
    • Rx
59
Q

Tolnaftate

A

Antifungal OTC

60
Q

Clotrimazole

A
  • Antifungal
    • 1% tinea/ vaginitis (also diaper rash)
    • OTC
61
Q

Miconazole

A
  • Antifungal
    • 2% tinea/ vaginitis (also diaper rash)
    • OTC
62
Q

Terbinafine 1%

A
  • Rx antifungal
    • OD for 7 days
63
Q

What are the OTC and Rx drugs used in tinea infections of the skin

A

a) OTC (3-4 weeks + 1 week)
- Tolnaftate 1%
- Clotrimazole 1%
- Miconazole 2%
b) Rx
- Terbinafine 1% (7 days OD)
- Ketoconazole 2%

64
Q

What are the main acne treatments (7)

A

-salicylic acid
-bp
-topical retinoids
-topical antibiotics
- oral antibiotics
- oral retinoids
- birth control

65
Q

Propylene glycol/urea/ lactic acid

A
  • Rx antifungal used in onychomycosis
66
Q

Efinaconazole 10%

A
  • Rx antifungal used in onychomycosis
67
Q

treatment of Vulvovaginal candidiasis (OTC and Rx)

A

a) OTC
- Clotrimazole
- Miconazole
- Fluconazole oral
- Boric acid
b) Rx
- Terconazole
- Topical nystatin

68
Q

Clotrimazole (dosing for VVC)

A
  • Antifungal for tinea/ vaginitis….
    • vaginal tab: 500mg vaginal tab for 1 dose or 200 mg vaginal tablet for 3 nights
    • 1% topical cream: 1 applicator full of vaginal cream PV at bedtime for 7 days or 2% cream for 3 days, or 10% cream for 1 day
69
Q

Miconazole (dosing VVC)

A
  • Antifungal for tinea/ VVC…
    -Vaginal tablet: 100mg HS for 7 days, 400mg HS for 3 nights, or 1200mg HS for 1 dose
    -2% topical cream: 1 applicatorful vaginal cream PV at bedtime for 7 days (4% cream for 3 days)
70
Q

Fluconazole oral (and normal dosing)

A
  • Antifungal for VVC
    • 1 dose 150 mg
      Not used in pregnancy/ under 12
71
Q

Boric acid

A
  • Used for treatment of VVC
    • 600mg od-bid for 14-28 days
72
Q

Terconazole

A
  • 0.4% Rx treatment of VVC for 7 days
73
Q

Topical nystatin

A
  • 100,000 units for 2 weeks s
    • Rx treatment of VVC
74
Q

How to treat a recurrent infection of VVC and dosing

A

a) Fluconazole
- 150mg PO once every 3 days for 3 doses
b) Boric acid
- 300mg - 600mg cap placed in vagina once a day for 14 days

75
Q

Treatment of VVC during pregnancy

A

a) Oral fluconazole as single dose
- Should most likely avoided
- Shows that 50% increased risk of miscarriage in first trimester…
b) Topical or vaginal azole for 7 days
- Clotrimazole, miconazole
- Systemic absorption is minimal (little risk to bay)
- 7> 3 days
c) Topical nystatin
- 100,000 units intravaginal daily for 2 weeks
- No associated risk observed

76
Q

Metronidazole (and dosing)

A
  • Rx Treatment of bacteria vaginitis/ trichomoniasis
    a) Bacteria vaginitis
    • 500 mg PO BID for 7 days
    • Metronidazole gel 0.75%: one applicator (5g) once a day vaginally for 5 days
      b) Trichomoniasis
    • Metronidazole: 2 g PO in a single dose
    • Metronidazole: 500mg PO BID for 7 days
77
Q

Clindamycin cream 2%

A
  • Rx treatment of bacteria vaginitis
    • one applicator (5g) once a day vaginally for 7 days
78
Q

Betadine

A
  • Antiseptic
    • Used in minor cuts sometimes
79
Q

Iodine

A
  • Antiseptic
80
Q

Bacitracin

A
  • Gram positive polysporin
81
Q

Gramicidin

A
  • Gram positive polysporin
82
Q

Polymyxin

A
  • Gram negative polysporin
83
Q

Medihoney

A
  • Used as a bandage when they don’t think antibiotics will work
84
Q

Benzocaine

A
  • Anesthetic
85
Q

Topical diclofenac 0.1%-0.25%

A
  • Used in sunburn treatment
    • Reduces inflammation/pain
    • NSAID
86
Q

Calamine

A
  • Antipruritic
87
Q

DTP vaccine

A
  • Vaccine for tetanus
88
Q

Whats in an epi pen

A
  • Epinephrine
89
Q

Icaridin 20%

A
  • Drug of choice for insect repellant in kids
90
Q

DEET

A
  • Bug repellant
91
Q

Minoxidil

A
  • Rogaine (used for androgenic alopecia)
    • 2-5% 1 ml BID to dry scalp for 4 hours of contact
92
Q

Finasteride (dosing)

A
  • MAO is type II alpha reductase inhibitor (less testosterone loss to DHT)
    a) hair loss
    • 1mg
      b) BPH
    • 5mg

153 (12 decks)

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