drugs for cardio

Question 1

how many types of drug treat angina

Answer 1

4

Question 2

what drugs treat angina

Answer 2

beta blockers
nitrates- vasodilators
Ca2+ channel blockers
K+ channel activatiors

Question 3

name of beta blocker

Answer 3

propranolol, atenolol, bisoprolol

Question 4

name of nitrate

Answer 4

short- acting- glyceryl trinitrate

long-acting- isosorbide mononitrate

Question 5

name of Ca2+ channel blocker

Answer 5

cardiac selective- verapamil

vascular selective- nifedipine

Question 6

name of K+ channel activator

Answer 6

nicorandil

Question 7

what do beta blockers do

Answer 7

reduce sympathetic stimulation of the heart

Question 8

what do Ca2+ channel blockers do in angina

Answer 8

cardiac selective- reduce rate and force of contraction

vascular selective- reduce peripheral resistance

Question 9

what do K+ channel activators do

Answer 9

they cause vasodilation via K+ channel and NO

this reduces peripheral resistance and increases coronary perfusion

Question 10

classes of drug for arrythmia

Answer 10

class 1- Na channel blockers
class 2- beta blockers
class 3- K+ channel blockers
class 4- Ca2+ channel blockers

Question 11

name of Na channel blocker

Answer 11

1a- quinidine
1b- lidocaine
1c- flecainide

Question 12

name of K+ channel blocker

Answer 12

sotalol and amidarone

Question 13

how do beta blockers work in dysrhythmia

Answer 13

they affect upstroke in pacemaker, plateau and slow depolarisation

• ->increases refractory period at AV node
• ->reduces ectopic pacemaker activity- DADs

Question 14

what do K+ channel blockers do in dysrhytmia

Answer 14

affect repolarisation- so interrupt re-entry

have other affects- so amidarone used when other drugs ineffective

Question 15

when shouldn’t K+ channel blockers be used?

Answer 15

Q-T syndrome- will increase the interval further

Question 16

what do Ca2+ do in dysrhythmia?

Answer 16

they block Ltype calcium channels- slow conduction at AV node
reduce triggered activity

Question 17

name a cardiac glycoside

Answer 17

digoxin

Question 18

what do cardiac glycosides do in dysrhythmia?

Answer 18

enhance vagal activity

prevent re-enty

Question 19

name an ACE inhibitor

Answer 19

captopril and ramipril

Question 20

contraindications for ACE inhibitor

Answer 20

patients on diuretics- hypotension

impaired renal function

Question 21

name an AT 1 receptor blocker

Answer 21

losasartan

Question 22

name a neprilysin

Answer 22

sacubitril

Question 23

name a diuretic

Answer 23

loop- furosemide

distal- chlorothiazide, amiloride