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Maddy - CPR II - some pharm > Drugs for Asthma and COPD > Flashcards

Drugs for Asthma and COPD Flashcards

1
Q

MOA montelukast

A

binds with high affinity and selectivity to the CysLT1 receptor and inhibits the actions of LTD4 at that receptor (without any agonist activity)

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2
Q

benefits of ipratropium

A

poorly absorbed after aerosol administration and therefore is relatively free of systemic atropine-like effects

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3
Q

cautions/warnings of budesonide

A

drug should NOT be used for status asthmaticus or acute episodes of asthma, pts with hypersensitivity to milk proteins also should not take it

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4
Q

MOA terbutaline

A

short acting beta 2 agonist (SABA)

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5
Q

contraindications/warning albuterol

A

paradoxical bronchospasm, deterioration of asthma, CV effects, immediate hypersensitivity rxns

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6
Q

indications terbutaline

A

prophylaxis of bronchospasm associated with asthma, bronchitis, and emphysema

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7
Q

indications for ipratropium

A

bronchodilator for maintenance tx of bronchospasm associated with COPD (chronic bronchitis and emphysema)

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8
Q

cautions/warnings of mometasone

A

NOT used for status asthmaticus or acute eipsodes of asthma, not used for pts with hypersensitivity to milk proteins

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9
Q

MOA metaproterenol

A

short acting beta 2 agonist (SABA)

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10
Q

indications for budesonide

A

maintenance tx for asthma as prophylactic therapy in pts 6 yrs or older

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11
Q

cautions/warnings Zilueton

A

NOT used for acute asthma attacks, not recommended in cases with active liver dz or persistent hepatic function enzyme elevations are more than 3x normal limit

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12
Q

indications for indacaterol and vilanterol

A

treat breathing problems caused by COPD like chronic bronchitis and emphysema

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13
Q

indications for mometasone

A

maintenance tx of asthma as prophylactic therapy in pts 4 yrs or older

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14
Q

indications for fluticasone

A

maintenance tx of asthma as prophylactic therapy in pts 4 yrs or older

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15
Q

cautions/warnings prednisone

A

may lead to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis suppression, monitor patients for Cushing’s syndrome and hyperglycemia

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16
Q

who can take levalbuterol

A

4 yrs and older

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17
Q

indications of beclomethasone

A

maintenance tx for asthma and prophylactic therapy in pts 5 yrs or older, also used in tx for pts who require oral corticosteroid therapy to reduce or eliminate the need for the systemic corticosteroids

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18
Q

indications for salmeterol

A

treatment of asthma and prevention of exercise induced bronchospasm in pts 4 yrs and older, maintenance of bronchospasm in pts with COPD

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19
Q

how are oral corticosteroids administered

A

with SABAs to treat moderate to severe asthma flare ups

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20
Q

indicates for prednisone

A

anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive agent for many infectious diseases and organ transplants; treatment for endocrine conditions and for palliation of certain neoplasms

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21
Q

MO pirbuterol

A

short acting beta 2 agonist (SABA)

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22
Q

indications for levalbuterol

A

treatment or prevention of bronchospasm with reversible obstructive dz

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23
Q

MOA fometerol

A

long acting beta 2 agonist (SABA)

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24
Q

cautions/warning pirbuterol

A

CV effects in some pts

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25
Q

compare oral vs inhaled corticosteroids side effects

A

oral corticosteroids are more likely to cause side effects

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26
Q

MOA levalbuterol

A

short acting beta 2 agonist (SABA)

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27
Q

contraindications/warning for fomoterol

A

do not use W/O concomitant use of long term asthma control med like inhaled corticosteroid, increased risk of asthma related hospitalization and death

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28
Q

MOA Zileuton

A

inhibits leukotriene LTB4, LTC4, LTD4, and LTE4 formation by directly inhibiting lipoxygenase in the arachidonic acid pathway

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29
Q

MOA zafirlukast

A

competitive receptor antagonist of leukotriene D4 and E4 (LTD4 and LTE4) which are components of slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRSA)

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30
Q

indications for ciclesonide

A

maintenance tx of asthma as prophylactic therapy in pts 12 yrs or older

31
Q

indications for tiotropium

A

long term, once daily maintenance tx of bronchospasm associated with COPD

32
Q

indicates for metaproterenol

A

bronchodilator for bronchial asthma and for reversible bronchospasm that occurs in bronchitis and COPD

33
Q

MOA albuterol

A

short acting beta 2 agonist (SABA)

34
Q

indications of Zileuton

A

used as prophylaxis and chronic tx of asthma in adults and children 12 yrs and older

35
Q

cautions/warnings Omalizumab

A

anaphylaxis (administer only in a healthcare setting)

36
Q

cautions/warnings of traimcinolone

A

NOT for acute bronchospasm, NOT for status asthmaticus or acute episodes of asthma, when pts are transferring from systemically active corticosteroids –> traimcinolone, need to be careful because there have been deaths due to adrenal insufficiency

37
Q

indications for use of albuterol

A

asthma, acute bronchitis, COPD, bronchiolitis

38
Q

all LABAs must be used in concomitant use with ____

A

long term asthma control med like an inhaled corticosteroid

39
Q

indications for pirbuterol

A

prevention and reversal of bronchospasm

40
Q

what pts can take pirbuterol

A

12 yrs and older

41
Q

what must happen after withdrawal from systemic corticosteroids

A

a number of months for recovery of hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) function

42
Q

indications zafirlukast

A

prophylaxis and chronic tx of asthma in adults and children 5 yrs and older

43
Q

cautions/warnings of flunisolide

A

NOT used for status asthmaticus or acute episodes of asthma

44
Q

indications for flunisolide

A

maintenance tx of asthma as prophylactic therapy in pts 6 yrs or older, indicated for pts requiring oral corticosteroid therapy b/c adding flunisolide therapy will reduce or eliminate that need

45
Q

MOA olodaterol

A

long acting beta 2 agonist (SABA)

46
Q

MOA of theophylline

A

1) blocks PDE, which increases cAMP and causes bronchodilation
2) blocks adenosine, which blocks bronchoconstriction

47
Q

cautions/warnings of ciclesonide

A

NOT used for acute bronchospasm, pts can get candida infections of mouth and pharynx, other infections

48
Q

cautions/warning levalbuterol

A

paradoxical bronchospasm

49
Q

cautions/warnings of beclomethasone

A

when pts are transferring from systemically active corticosteroids –> beclamethasone, need to be careful because there have been deaths due to adrenal insufficiency

50
Q

cautions/warnings montelukast

A

not indicated for reversal of bronchospasm in acute asthma attacks including status asthmaticus

51
Q

major effects of corticosteroids

A

switch off the transcription of multiple activated genes that encode inflammatory proteins like cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, and inflammatory enzymes

52
Q

indications for olodaterol

A

long term, once daily maintenance bronchodilator tx of airflow obstruction in pts with COPD (chronic bronchitis, and emphysema)

53
Q

indications for aclidinium

A

long term maintenance tx of bronchospasm associated with COPD

54
Q

indications montelukast

A

treat allergies and prevent asthma attacks

55
Q

risks of long acting beta agonists

A

asthma related deaths and asthma related hospitalizations

56
Q

MOA leukotriene antagonists (montelukast, zafirlukast, zileuton)

A

bind to cysteinyl leukotriene (CysLT) receptors and blocks their activation and the subsequent inflammatory cascade which causes sx associated with asthma and allergic rhinitis

57
Q

indications for fomoterol

A

maintenance tx for broncoconstriction in pts with COPD

58
Q

what is the only beta 2 agonist available by subcutaneous injection

A

terbutaline

59
Q

cautions/warnings terbutaline

A

not recommended for pts with tocolysis (uterine contractions)

60
Q

cautions/warnings of fluticasone

A

NOT used for acute bronchospasm, pts can get candida infections of mouth and pharynx

61
Q

cautions/warning metaproterenol

A

CV effects in some pts, can produce paradoxical bronchospasm

62
Q

adverse effects terbutaline

A

headache, nausea, tachycardia, palpitations

63
Q

adverse effects albuterol

A

HA, dizziness, insomnia, dry mouth, cough

64
Q

MOA salmeterol

A

long acting beta 2 agonist (SABA)

65
Q

what pts can take terbutaline

A

12 years and older

66
Q

who can take fomoterol

A

5 yrs and older as an add on to long term asthma control medication (inhaled corticosteroid)

67
Q

cautions/warnings zafirlukast

A

hepatotoxicity

68
Q

indications for Omalizumab

A

moderate to severe persistent asthma in pts 6 yrs and older with positive skin test or in vitro reactivity to a perennial aeroallergen and sx that are not adequately controlled with ICS, also for chronic idiopathic urticaria

69
Q

MOA Omalizumab

A

anti-IgE antibody

70
Q

cautions/warning atropine

A

in CAD patients dose needs to be 2-3 mg to avoid atropine-induced tachycardia

71
Q

indications for triamcinolone

A

maintenance tx of asthma as prophylactic therapy, indicated for pts requiring oral corticosteroid therapy b/c adding triamcinolone therapy will reduce or eliminate that need

72
Q

with what pts must you use extreme caution when prescribing theophylline

A

pts with active peptic ulcer dz, seizure disorders, and cardiac arrhythmias

73
Q

MOA indacaterol and vilanterol

A

long acting beta 2 agonist (SABA)

Maddy - CPR II - some pharm (18 decks)

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