Drugs And Medicine - Pharmaceutics (w2) Flashcards
Define the term ‘Drugs’
Chemical substances used to diagnose, treat or prevent disease, or are intended to affect the structure or any function of the body.
Define the term ‘Medicines’
Delivery systems for administering drugs to the body in a safe, effective, accurate, reproducible and convenient manner.
What are Excipients ?
They are substances other than the drug that help deliver the medication to your system. Excipients are chemically inactive substances.
What factors effect medicine dosage ?
- Disease
- Biopharmaceutics
- Patient acceptability
- Preformulation
What are the different types of Oral dosage forms ?
- Tablets and Caplets
- Capsules
- Powders and Granules
- Solutions
-Suspensions
-Emulsions
What is a single phase system ?
A one phase system consisting of two components, a solute (the component getting dissolved) and the solvent (medium in which solute dissolves).
What is a 2 phase system / biophasing ?
A system which has a change in states. For example a system containing water and its vapor.
What is a ‘HIT compound’ in the drug development process ?
Molecule that shows the desired type of activity in a screening assay.
What are ‘Assays’ in the drug development process ?
Test systems that evaluate the effects of the new drug candidate at the cellular ( in vitro ), molecular and biochemical levels ( ELISA ).
What does the term ‘lead’ refer to in the drug development process ?
A chemical compound that’s shows promise as a treatment for a disease and may lead to the development of a new drug.
What are the 6 stages of the drug development process ?
1) Basic Research
2) Early discovery (3-4years)
3) Pre clinical (3-5years)
4) Clinical development (6-7years)
5) Review - Licensing approval (0.5-2years)
6) Post marketing monitoring
What is the definition of Solution ?
A mixture of two or more components that form a single phase that is homogenous at the molecular level.
Define the term Solvent …
The component which determines the phase.
(Usually present in the greatest quantity and is often a liquid e.g Syrup BP)
What is the definition for the term ‘Solute’ ?
The ‘other’ comment(s) which are dispersed as molecules or ions throughout the solvent.
(These components are in solution)
Define the term ‘Dissolution’ …
The process whereby molecules or ions from the solid phase move into the solution.
