Drugs And Injections

Question 1

What word means via the digestive system?

Answer 1

Enteral

Question 2

What word means avoiding the digestive system?

Answer 2

Parenteral

Question 3

What are the 6 parenteral routes for injections?

Answer 3

Subcutaneous
Intravenous
Intramuscular
Intraperitoneal
Intradermal
Intracardiac

Question 4

What are the two enteral routes for medication?

Answer 4

Oral/gastric

Rectal

Question 5

What are the 3 topical routes for drugs?

Answer 5

Enema
Epicutaneous
Inhalation

Question 6

What three things are needed to know for injections dosage?

Answer 6

Drug concentration
Mass
Drug rate

Question 7

What volume should a syringe be?

Answer 7

Slightly larger than the volume of injection

Question 8

Hypodermic needles need to be appropriate size and length. What are hypodermic needles?

Answer 8

Under skin

Question 9

Why do you draw back a syringe?

Answer 9

To check if in vein or tissue

Question 10

What is ‘the Cascade’ of drug priority?

Answer 10

1. UK licensed drug for that species
2. UK licensed drug for other species
3. Other licensed drug (another animal/country)
4. Unlicensed drugs

Question 11

Which stages of the cascade need owners consent?

Answer 11

All of them, except UK licensed drug for that species

Question 12

Suspensions need shaking to disperse before investing. What is a suspension?

Answer 12

An insoluble solid in liquid form

Question 13

What is a solution?

Answer 13

Soluble substance in liquid form

Question 14

What is the withdrawal period of a drug?

Answer 14

Time taken for the drug residue to leave the body

E.g. cows milk

Question 15

What is contraindication?

Answer 15

A condition which serves as a reason to withhold a treatment as it could cause harm to the patient.

Question 16

How do you draw up a drug?

Answer 16

Wipe stopper of bottle with antiseptic
Wipe injection site with anriseptic
Unsheath needle
Hold bottle upside down and insert needle up to hub
draw up XS drug
Eliminate air bubbles and return XS to bottle
Draw back drug from needle
Change needles
Push drug back up to top of the hub

Question 17

Why do you need to swap needles for injecting the patient and drawing up the drug?

Answer 17

Sharper
Less pain
More sterile

Question 18

What are the 6 rights for drugs?

Answer 18

Right patient, time, dose, drug, route, frequency

Question 19

Where should subcutaneous injections be done?

Answer 19

Any loose area of skin e.g. scruff or side of neck in horses

Question 20

Where should intramuscular drugs be delivered in dogs?

Answer 20

Dorsolumbar
Triceps
Quadriceps

Question 21

Why should you not inject near a dogs hamstring?

Answer 21

It is near the sciatic nerve

Question 22

Where should you inject an intramuscular injection in a horse? What should you do before injecting a horse?

Answer 22

Neck
Pectorals
Gluteals
Hamstrings 
Tap with palm of hand to desensitise

Question 23

Where should you do an intravenous injection in a dog/cat?

Answer 23

Jugular

Lateral saphenous

Question 24

How should you raise a vein for an intravenous injection?

Answer 24

With an assistant

Or with a haemostat and rubber band

Question 25

Which way should the needle be for injections?

Answer 25

Bevel facing up

Question 26

Which is the only suspension drug that can be given intravenous?

Answer 26

Propofol