Drugs And Injections Flashcards
What word means via the digestive system?
Enteral
What word means avoiding the digestive system?
Parenteral
What are the 6 parenteral routes for injections?
Subcutaneous Intravenous Intramuscular Intraperitoneal Intradermal Intracardiac
What are the two enteral routes for medication?
Oral/gastric
Rectal
What are the 3 topical routes for drugs?
Enema
Epicutaneous
Inhalation
What three things are needed to know for injections dosage?
Drug concentration
Mass
Drug rate
What volume should a syringe be?
Slightly larger than the volume of injection
Hypodermic needles need to be appropriate size and length. What are hypodermic needles?
Under skin
Why do you draw back a syringe?
To check if in vein or tissue
What is ‘the Cascade’ of drug priority?
- UK licensed drug for that species
- UK licensed drug for other species
- Other licensed drug (another animal/country)
- Unlicensed drugs
Which stages of the cascade need owners consent?
All of them, except UK licensed drug for that species
Suspensions need shaking to disperse before investing. What is a suspension?
An insoluble solid in liquid form
What is a solution?
Soluble substance in liquid form
What is the withdrawal period of a drug?
Time taken for the drug residue to leave the body
E.g. cows milk
What is contraindication?
A condition which serves as a reason to withhold a treatment as it could cause harm to the patient.
How do you draw up a drug?
Wipe stopper of bottle with antiseptic Wipe injection site with anriseptic Unsheath needle Hold bottle upside down and insert needle up to hub draw up XS drug Eliminate air bubbles and return XS to bottle Draw back drug from needle Change needles Push drug back up to top of the hub
Why do you need to swap needles for injecting the patient and drawing up the drug?
Sharper
Less pain
More sterile
What are the 6 rights for drugs?
Right patient, time, dose, drug, route, frequency
Where should subcutaneous injections be done?
Any loose area of skin e.g. scruff or side of neck in horses
Where should intramuscular drugs be delivered in dogs?
Dorsolumbar
Triceps
Quadriceps
Why should you not inject near a dogs hamstring?
It is near the sciatic nerve
Where should you inject an intramuscular injection in a horse? What should you do before injecting a horse?
Neck Pectorals Gluteals Hamstrings Tap with palm of hand to desensitise
Where should you do an intravenous injection in a dog/cat?
Jugular
Lateral saphenous
How should you raise a vein for an intravenous injection?
With an assistant
Or with a haemostat and rubber band
Which way should the needle be for injections?
Bevel facing up
Which is the only suspension drug that can be given intravenous?
Propofol
