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PHA6126 Pharmacology 2 Lecture > Drugs Affecting the Respiratory System > Flashcards

Drugs Affecting the Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

responsible for PROCESSING the O2 into the blood system and EXHALING CO2

A

respiratory system

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2
Q

2 major parts of the respiratory system

A

upper and lower respiratory system

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3
Q

consists of the pharynx, tonsil, epiglottis, larynx, and trachea

A

upper respiratory system

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4
Q

consists of the lungs, bronchial tubes, pleura, diaphragm, alveolus

A

lower respiratory system

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5
Q

common respiratory disorders

A
  1. asthma
  2. chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD)
  3. cystic fibrosis
  4. tuberculosis
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6
Q

asthma pertains to the __________________ narrowing and inflammation of the airway caused by _______________

A

episodic narrowing and inflammation caused by stimuli

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7
Q

chronic bronchitis and emphysema

A

COPD

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8
Q

thick secretion excreted into the lung

A

cystic fibrosis

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9
Q

tuberculosis is an infection caused by ___________________________________

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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10
Q

T/F: COPD is irreversible and progressive while ASTHMA is reversible and episodic

A

TRUE

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11
Q

use of controller drugs

A

prevent asthma episodes

(CE –> control episode)

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12
Q

use of reliever drugs

A

specifically for asthma attack

(RA –> relieve attack)

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13
Q

emphysema affects which part of the respiratory system?

A

alveoli

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14
Q

T/F: We can give NSAIDs to asthmatic patients along with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)

A

FALSE (do not give NSAIDs)

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15
Q

Drugs used in asthma

A
  1. bronchodilators
  2. anti-inflammatory agents
  3. leukotriene antagonist
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16
Q

drugs under bronchodilators

A
  1. beta 2 agonist
  2. methylxanthines
  3. muscarinic antagonist
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17
Q

drugs under anti-inflammatory agents

A
  1. release inhibitors
  2. antibodies
  3. steroids
18
Q

drugs under leukotriene antagonist

A
  1. LOX inhibitor
  2. receptor inhibitor
19
Q

condition caused by inflammation of the airways or constrictions

A

asthma

20
Q

asthma treatment involves?

A
  1. dilation of airway
  2. reduction of inflammation
21
Q

T/F: Sympathomimetic agents cause bronchoconstriction

A

FALSE: bronchodilation

22
Q

sympathomimetic agents are what type of agonist

A

adrenoreceptor agonist

23
Q

sympathomimetic agents stimulate adenylyl cyclase (AC) causing ________________________

A

increase in the formation of intracellular cAMP

24
Q

sympathomimetic agents binds to _____________________ stimulating cAMP in the smooth muscle –> relaxation and inhibit release of bronchoconstriction mediators from mast cells

A

beta-receptor

25
Q

enumerate the sympathomimetic agents

A
  1. epinephrine
  2. ephedrine
  3. isoproterenol
  4. beta-selective drugs (SABA, LABA, U-LABA)
26
Q

enumerate the SABA drugs

A

AlTeMePir: Albuterol, Terbutaline, Metaproterenol, Pirbuterol

27
Q

enumerate the LABA drugs

A

ForSal: Formeterol (full agonist) and Salmeterol (partial agonist)

28
Q

enumerate the U-LABA drugs

A

InOlVi: Indacaterol, Olodaterol, Vilanterol

29
Q

sympathomimetic agents are best delivered through what route?

A

inhalation

30
Q

Rapid-acting bronchodilator when injected SC or as inhaled as micro aerosol

A

epinephrine

31
Q

epinephrine is a rapid-acting bronchodilator when injected _________________ or as
____________________

A

subcutaneously or inhaled as micro aerosol

32
Q

epinephrine max bronchodilation is achieved ______________________ inhalation and last for _______________________

A

15 minutes after ; last for 60-90 minutes

33
Q

stimulates alpha, B1, & B2 receptors

A

epinephrine

34
Q

as epinephrine stimulates alpha, B1, & B2 receptors, it may cause?

A

TAW: tachycardia, arrhythmia, worsening of angina pectoris

35
Q

epinephrine may also be used for treating ___________________, ______________, and ________________________

A

acute vasodilation, shock, and bronchospasm of anaphylactic shock

36
Q

compared to epinephrine, ephedrine has a ____________________ DOA

A

longer

37
Q

has a more pronounced central activity and a much lower potency

A

ephedrine

38
Q

infrequently used in the management of asthma

A

ephedrine

39
Q

a sympathomimetic agent that is a potential nonselective B1 & B2 bronchodilator

A

isoproterenol

40
Q

rarely used for asthma

A

isoproterenol

41
Q

isoproterenol _______________________ causes bronchodilation within ___________________

A

80-120 mcg; 5 minutes

42
Q

DOA of isoproterenol

A

60-90 minutes

PHA6126 Pharmacology 2 Lecture (10 decks)

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