Drugs affecting pupil size

Question 1

What is the term for pupil size increase?

Answer 1

Mydriasis

Mydriasis is the dilation of the pupils.

Question 2

What is the term for pupil size decrease?

Answer 2

Miosis

Miosis is the constriction of the pupils.

Question 3

Name a class of drugs that causes mydriasis.

Answer 3

Anticholinergics

Examples include atropine, TCAs, tropicamide, scopolamine, and some antihistamines.

Question 4

Which drugs are classified as indirect sympathomimetics affecting pupil size?

Answer 4

Amphetamines, cocaine, LSD, meperidine

These drugs can lead to mydriasis.

Question 5

What is the mechanism of action for direct sympathomimetics in pupil size alteration?

Answer 5

They stimulate adrenergic receptors

Direct sympathomimetics lead to mydriasis.

Question 6

Name a class of drugs that causes miosis.

Answer 6

Parasympathomimetics

An example is pilocarpine.

Question 7

What type of drugs are sympatholytics?

Answer 7

α2-agonists

They can lead to miosis.

Question 8

Which opioid is an exception to causing miosis?

Answer 8

Meperidine

Most opioids cause miosis, but meperidine does not.

Question 9

What receptor mediates radial muscle contraction involved in pupil dilation?

Answer 9

α1 receptor

This contraction leads to mydriasis.

Question 10

What receptor mediates sphincter muscle contraction involved in pupil constriction?

Answer 10

M3 receptor

This contraction leads to miosis.