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MICT 2020 > DRUGS > Flashcards

DRUGS Flashcards

1
Q

Heparin

A

Brand Name: None
Class: Anticoagulant
Action: Heparin acts in many places in the clotting cascade to prevent thrombosis

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2
Q

Hydromorphone

A

Brand Name: Dilaudid
Class: Narcotic analgesic
Action: Moderate to severe pain relief

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3
Q

Ipratropium bromide

A

Brand Name: Atrovent
Class: Anticholinergic, Bronchodilator
Action: Inhibits vagally mediated bronchoconstriction resulting in bronchodilation

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4
Q

Ketamine

A

Brand Name: Ketalar

Class: Sedative, Analgesic

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5
Q

Labetalol

A

Brand Name: Normodyne, Trandate
Class: Sympathetic antagonist
Actions: (-) ino-, chrono-, and dromotrope; Vasodilation and reduces PVR

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6
Q

Lactated Ringer’s

A

Brand Name: None

Class: Crystalloid Solution

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7
Q

Lidocaine

A

Brand Name: None
Class: Ventricular antidysrhythmic
Action: Blocks Na+ entry; decreases ventricular phase 4 automaticity

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8
Q

Lorazepam

A

Brand Name: Ativan
Class: Benzodiazepine, sedative
Action: CNS depression/sedation: decreases anxiety and alertness, produces amnesia; Elevates seizure threshold

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9
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

A

Brand Name: None

Class: Electrolyte

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10
Q

Methylprednisolone

A

Brand Name: Solumedrol
Class: Steroid
Action: Anti-inflammatory agent stabilizes cell membranes, and membranes prevents the release of histamine

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11
Q

Metoprolol

A

Brand Name: Lopressor
Class: Beta-blocker, antidysrhythmic
Action: Negative chronotrope, inotrope.

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12
Q

Midazolam

A

Brand Name: Versed
Class: Benzodiazepine, sedative
Action: CNS depression/sedation: decreases anxiety and alertness, produces amnesia; Elevates seizure threshold

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13
Q

Morphine Sulfate

A

Brand Name: None
Class: Narcotic analgesic
Action: Raises pain threshold. Depresses the vasomotor center

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14
Q

Naloxone

A

Brand Name: Narcan
Class: Narcotic Antagonist
Action: Antagonizes actions of narcotics at opiate receptors reversing respiratory depression, sedation, and hypotension

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15
Q

Nirtoglycerin

A

Brand Name: Nitrostat, Nitro-bid, Nitrolingual
Class: Vascular dilator
Action: dilation of coronary arteries

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16
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Brand Name: Levophed
Class: Sympathomimetic
Action: Vasoconstriction- increases PVR and BP.

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17
Q

Ondansetron

A

Brand Name: Zofran
Class: Antiemetic
Action: Prevents N/V

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18
Q

Oxygen

A

Brand Name: None

Class: Medicinal Gas

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19
Q

Oxytocin

A

Brand Name: Pitocin
Class: Posterior Pituitary hormone
Action: selective action on uterine smooth muscle: stimulates rhythmic contractions, and increases frequency of contractions

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20
Q

Thiamine

A

Brand Name: None
Class: Vitamin B1
Action: Carbohydrate metabolism

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21
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate

A

Brand Name: None
Class: Alkalinizing agent, Electrolyte
Action: buffer

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22
Q

0.9% Sodium Chloride

A

Brand Name: Normal saline

Class: crystalloid solution

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23
Q

Activate charcoal

A

Brand Name: Actidose
Class: Absorbent
Action: Absorbs many toxins by chemical binding and large surface area

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24
Q

Adenosine

A

Brand Name: Adenocard
Class: Supraventricular antidysrhythmic
Action: Slows conduction through AV node

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25
Q

Albuterol

A

Brand Name: Proventil, Ventolin
Class: Sympathomimetic bronchodilator
Action: Bronchodilation through Beta-2 mediated smooth muscle relaxtion

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26
Q

Amiodarone

A

Brand Name: Cordaron
Class: Antidysrhythmic
Action: Multiple actions on K+, Na+, Ca+. Decreases phase 4 automaticity

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27
Q

Aspirin

A

Brand Name: None
Class: Platelet aggregator inhibitor
Action: Blocks the formation of substances that cause platelets to aggregate

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28
Q

Atropine

A

Brand Name: None
Class: Anticholinergic
Action: Positive Chromo-, Dromo-

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29
Q

Calcium Chloride

A

Brand Name: None
Class: Electrolyte
Action: (+) inotropic effect

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30
Q

Dextrose

A

Brand Name: None
Class: Carbohydrate
Action: Increase blood glucose levels

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31
Q

Diazepam

A

Brand Name: Valium
Class: Benzo, sedative
Action: CNS depression/sedation: decreases anxiety and alertness, produces amnesia; Elevates seizure threshold

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32
Q

Diltiazem

A

Brand Name: Cardizem
Class: Calcium channel blocker, antidysrhythmic
Action: Inhibits calcium influx. Negative Ino-, Chrono-, Dromo-. Slows conduction through AV node

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33
Q

Diphenhydramine

A

Brand Name: Benadryl
Class: Antihistamine
Action: Competitive histamine antagonist; inhibit MAST cell release of histamine; Antipruritic- relieves itching

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34
Q

Dopamine

A

Brand Name: Intropin
Class: Sympathomimetic
Action: Direct action on SNS receptors and stimulates release of norepinephrine. Positive inotrope; increases PVR

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35
Q

Epinephrine

A

Brand Name: None
Class: Sympathomimetic
Action: Postive Ino-, Chrono-, Dromo-.

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36
Q

Fentanyl

A

Brand Name: Sublimaze
Class: Narcotic analgesic
Action: raises pain threshold by stimulating opiate receptors, thus blocking pain sensation in the CNS

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37
Q

Furosemide

A

Brand Name: Lasix
Class: Diuretic
Action: Blocks reabsorption od Na+, K+, Cl-; Direct vasodilation

38
Q

Glucagon

A

Brand Name: None
Class: Pancreatic hormone
Action: Promotes gylcogenolysis; inhibits synthesis of glycogenfrom glucose= increase of glucose in bloodstream

39
Q

Haloperdiol

A

Brand Name: Haldol
Class: Antipsychotic, sedative
Action: Depresses cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, and limbic system= controls activity and aggression

40
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Activated charcoal

A

Indications: Ingested poisoning within an hour of ingestion
C/I: Corrosive ingestion
S/E: None

41
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Adenosine

A

Indications: Narrow complex AV nodal reentry tachydysrhythmias.
C/I: Poison induced tachycardias
S/E: Chest heaviness or pain, bradycardia, AV block, asystole

42
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Abuterol

A

Indications: Bronchial asthma; reversible bronchspasm associated with emphysema, chronic bronchitis and anaphylaxis/allergic reaction
C/I: None
S/E: Tachycardia, nausea, temors

43
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Amiodarone

A

Indications: VTach with or without pulse, Vfib, Ventricular ectopy, AFib/AFlutter w/WPW
C/I: Cardiogenic shock, sinus brady, heart block
S/E: Hypotension, bradycardia, heart block, CHF

44
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Aspirin

A

Indications: Suspected AMI
C/I: Bleeding/hemorrhage
S/E: None

45
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Atropine

A

Indications: Symptomatic bradycardia, Cholinergic poisoning
C/I: None
S/E: Tachycardia, angina, dilated pupils

46
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Calcium chloride

A

Indications: Calcium channel blocker toxicity, Mag Sulfate toxicity, hyperkalemia
C/I: Hypercalcemia
S/E: Bradycardia and asystole; hypotension

47
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Dextrose

A

Indications: Hypoglycemia- <60 adult, <40 peds
C/I: None
S/E: Severe neurological symptoms in alcoholics

48
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Diazepam

A

Indications: Grand mal seizures, premedication before pacing /cardioversion, acute anxiety, excited delirium
C/I: None
S/E: CNS depression: drowsiness, somnolence, slurred speech, decreased LOC, respiratory depression

49
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Dilitiazem

A

Indications: Supraventricular tachydysrhythmias
C/I: CHF, SBP<90, AFib/AFlutter w/WPW, bradycardia
S/E: Hypotension due to decreased PVR, heart failure, bradycardia

50
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Diphenhydramine

A

Indications: Allergic reactions, Anaphylaxis, antidote for exrtapyramidal reactions in PCP OD
C/I: Acute asthma
S/E: CNS depression, hypotension, anticholinergic effect, chest tightness, wheezing

51
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Dopamine

A

Indications: Cardiogenic shock, symptomatic bradycardia, hypoperfusion w/o hypovolemia
C/I: Shock due to hypovolemia/hemorrhage
S/E: Ectopy, tachycardia, angina, N/V

52
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Epi

A

Indications: Cardiac arrest, symptomatic bradycardia, acute asthma, anaphylaxis
C/I: None
S/E: tremors, cool sweaty skin; decreased fib threshold, ectopy, HTN, tachycardia, angina

53
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Fentanyl

A

Indications: moderate to severe pain
C/I: MAO inhibitors with in 14 days
S/E: CNS and respiratory depression, N/V, hypotension, bradycardia, pinpoint pupils

54
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Furosemide

A

Indications: CHF w/pulmonary edema, HTN

C/I: SPB<90

55
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Glucagon

A

Indications: Hypoglycemic patient with adequate stores of glycogen, beta blocker OD
C/I: None
S/E: Hypotension, N/V, Ventricular tachydysrhythmias

56
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Haloperidol

A

Indications: Chemical restraints
C/I: Parkinson’s disease, acute CNS depression
S/E:

57
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Heparin

A

Indications: ACS w/STEMI
C/I: Active bleeding/hemorrhage
S/E: Prolongs clotting time

58
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Hydromorphone

A

Indications: moderate to severe pain relief
C/I: SBP<90
S/E: CNS and respiratory depression, N/V, Hypotension, bradycardia, pinpoint pupils

59
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Atrovent

A

Indications: Asthma, bronchospasms associated with acute COPD exacerbation
C/I: None
S/E: Nausea

60
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Ketamine

A

Indications: Painful procedures, excited delirium/chemical restraints
C/I: None
S/E: HTN, tachycardia, emergence delirium

61
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Labetalol

A

Indications: HTN
C/I: bradycardia, hypotension, cardiogenic shock, CHF, heart block
S/E: angina, bradycardia, CHF, nausea, wheezing dyspnea, bronchospams

62
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Lidocaine

A

Indications: VTach with or without pulse, VFib, Ventricular ectopy
C/I: Heart blocks, ventricular rhythms, WPW
S/E: CNS depression, agitation, slurred speech, hypotension, bradycardia, heart block

63
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Lorazepam

A

Indications: Grand mal seizures, premedication before pacing /cardioversion, acute anxiety, excited delirium
C/I: None
S/E: CNS depression: drowsiness, somnolence, slurred speech, decreased LOC, respiratory depression, hypoxia

64
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Mag Sulfate

A

Indications: Severe pre-eclampsia, seizures associated with eclampsia, torsades
C/I: Heart block, recent AMI
S/E: Respiratory depression, hypotension, heart blocl, hypocalcemia, N/V

65
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Methylprednisolone

A

Indications: ARDS, bronchial asthma, anaphylaxis, cerebral edema
C/I: None
S/E: Increases gluconeogenesis=increased BG

66
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Metoprolol

A

Indications: HTN, supraventricular tachydysrhythmias
C/I: SBP< 90, cardiogenic shock, cocaine induced ACS
S/E: hypotension, bradycardia, heart failure, bronchospasm

67
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Midazolam

A

Indications: Grand mal seizures, premedication before pacing /cardioversion, acute anxiety, excited delirium
C/I: None
S/E: CNS depression: drowsiness, somnolence, slurred speech, decreased LOC, respiratory depression

68
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Morphine

A

Indications: Pain and anxiety w/AMI, pain relief for burns and isolated injury, CHF
C/I: SBP< 90
S/E: CNS and respiratory depression, N/V, hypotension, pinpoint pupils

69
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Narcan

A

Indications: Suspected or known narcotic OD
C/I: None
S/E: Narcotic withdrawal, N/V

70
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Nitro

A

Indications: ACS w/chest pain, HTN, CHF
C/I: SBP<90, use of ED drugs
S/E: Hypotension, headache, N/V, sublingual burning

71
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Norepi

A

Indications: Hypotension not related to hypovolemia, sepsis
C/I: Hypovolemia
S/E: Palpitations, tachycardia, angina, anxiety, headache

72
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Zofran

A

Indications: Control of N/V
C/I: None
S/E: CNS depression

73
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Oxytocin

A

Indications: Control of postpartum hemorrhage
C/I: None
S/E: relaxation of systemic vascular smooth muscle= hypotension, tachycardia

74
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Sodium Bicarb

A

Indications: Cardiac arrest, TCA OD, severe metabolic acidosis, hyperkalemia
C/I: None
S/E: Alkalosis

75
Q

Indications, C/I, Side effects:

Thiamine

A

Indications: Suspected hypoglycemic alcoholic or seizing patient, delirium tremens
C/I: None
S/E: Slight fall in BP, pain with IM injection

76
Q

Activated Charcoal doasge

A

Adult: 1g/kg
Peds: 25-50g

77
Q

Adenosine dosage

A

Adult: 6mg IVFP q 2-3 min @ 12mg x2
Peds: 0.1mg/kg IVFP repeat immediately @ 0.2mg/kg

78
Q

Albuterol doasge

A

Adult and Peds: 2.5mg w/6-8LPM over 5-15min

79
Q

Amiodarone dosage

A

Adult: Cardiac Arrest: 300mg IVP q3-5min @ 150mg; non-cardiac: 150mg over 10min
Peds: Cardiac Arrest: 5mg/kg IVP q 5min max 15mg/kg; non-cardiac: same, but over 20-60min

80
Q

Aspirin dosage

A

Adult and Peds: 160-325mg

81
Q

Atropine dosage

A

Adult: Symptomatic brady: 0.5mg IVP q3-5min max 3mg; Cholinergic poisoning: 2-6mg IVP/IM q5-60min
Peds: Symptomatic brady: 0.02mg/kg repeat once in 5min; Cholinergic poisoning: 0.05mg/kg q5-60min

82
Q

Calcium Chloride dosage

A

Adult: 0.5-1G 10% IVSP q10min
Peds: 20mg/kg IVSP

83
Q

Dextrose dosage

A

Adult: 25g/250cc of 50% solution
Peds: 0.5g(5cc)/kg

84
Q

Diazepam dosage

A

Adult: 5-10mg IV, IN, IM q10-15 max 30mg
Peds: 0.1-0.3mg/kg q2-3min max 1mg/kg

85
Q

Dilitiazem dosage

A

Adult: 20mg over 2 min repeat once in 15min PRN
Peds: none

86
Q

Diphenhydramine dosage

A

Adult: 25-50mg IVSP
Peds: 1mg/kg IVSP

87
Q

Dopamine dosage

A

Adult: 5mcg/kg/min
Peds: same

88
Q

Epi dosage

A

Adult: Cardiac arrest: 1mg IVP q3-5min; Symp brady: 2-10mcg/min; Anaphylaxis/Asthma 0.3-0.5mg q5min
Peds: 0.01mg/kg

89
Q

Fentanyl dosage

A

Adult: 100mcg over 1-2min q5min max 200mcg
Peds: 0.1mcg/kg over 1-2min repeat once

90
Q

Furosemide dosage

A

Adult: 0.5-1mg/kg IVSP or IM
Peds: None

91
Q

Glucagon dosage

A

Adult: 0.5-mg SQ or IM
Peds: 0.5mg <20kg/ 1mg>20kg

MICT 2020 (9 decks)

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