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Pharmacotheraputics > Drugs 51-100 > Flashcards

Drugs 51-100 Flashcards

1
Q

Niacin

A

Lipid (cholesterol)-lowering

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2
Q

how does colchicine treat gout

A

anti inflammation one but doesn’t effect uric acid

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3
Q

MAB infixes

Tu

Cir

Neu

li

xi

zu

A

tu = tumor

cir = circulation

neu = neural

li = immune

xi = chimeric

zu = humanized

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4
Q

Where are Cox1 enzymes found

where are Cox2 enzymes found

A

Cox 1 are everywhere

Cox2 are inflammation mediated

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5
Q

examples of AcH-ase inhibitors for Alzheimers (not a very dramatic effect)

ADRs

A

donazepil

↑parasympathetic function

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6
Q

important epilepsy drugs to not use in pregnancy

better drugs

A

trimethadione and divalproex

lamictal or keppra

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7
Q

Dexlansoprazole

A

Gastric acid inhibitor

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8
Q

Risedronate

A

Osteoporosis

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9
Q

Amitriptyline

A

Antidepressant

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10
Q

IV/IM steroids

A

dexamethasone

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11
Q

all triptans increase BP and are CI’ed with known vascular disease.

what is the difference between fovatriptan and sumatriptan

A

fovatriptan lasts longer

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12
Q

preventative factors for dementia

A

education, social interaction, statins(simvastatin), NSAIDs

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13
Q

dopaminergic drugs used for parkinsons treatment

ADRs

A

Ergots (bromocriptine)

Non ergots (pramipexoles)

hallucinations (can’t use with psychosis)

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14
Q

topical steroids

A

triamcinolone, hydrocortisone, dexamethasone

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15
Q

one example of an anticholinergic drug used in parkinsons treatment

ADR

A

Benzotropine

contraindicated in dementia

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16
Q

ADRs of levo/carbo

A

involuntary movements, flucutating effectiveness

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17
Q

IV steroids

A

methyprednisolone, triamcinalone, dexamethasone

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18
Q

Pregabalin

A

Anticonvulsant

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19
Q

indications for corticosteroids

A

↓inflammation, immunosuppression

post op nausea

↑wellbeing

accelerated fetal lung growth

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20
Q

Olanzapine

A

Antipsychotic

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21
Q

thiomalate is a gold salt used for RA treatment. what are some common adrs

what is dimercaprol used for

A

dermatitis, proteinuria

to counteract the ADRs from gold salts

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22
Q

Rivaroxaban

A

Anticoagulant

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23
Q

Famotidine

A

Gastric acid inhibitor

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24
Q

what is amantidine best used for

A

bradykinesia

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25
Q

Lorazepam

A

Sedative-antianxiety

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26
Q

Latanoprost

A

Glaucoma treatment

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27
Q

Fluconazole

A

Antifungal

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28
Q

Paroxetine

A

Antidepressant

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29
Q

Allopurinol

A

Anti-gout

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30
Q

how are MAOIs used in parkinsons treatment

what is the risk

A

they inhibit monoamine oxidase which breaks down dopamine

if too much Type A monoamine oxidase is broken down it can cause a hypertensive crisis

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31
Q

pobenecid is used to treat gout. what is the action

when shouldn’t it be used

A

blocks uric acid uptake

can block NSAID and penicillin secretion

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32
Q

Doxycycline

A

Antibiotic

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33
Q

main types of prostaglandins

A

E and F

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34
Q

Pravastatin

A

Lipid (cholesterol)-lowering

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35
Q

disease modifying drugs for RA

A

gold salts

chloroquin

d penicilin

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36
Q

ketrolac is an NSAID useful for what

A

acute pain IV or IM

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37
Q

what is the function of NMDA antatgonists in Alzheimers treatment (memantidine)

ADRs

A

blocks glutamate receptors, slows progression and can help cognition

confusion, agitation, restless

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38
Q

when is lamictal used for epilepsy treatment

A

it is a common first line agent

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39
Q

Glyburide

A

Diabetes (type II)

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40
Q

what is the gold standard of care for MS treatment

how does it work

ADRs/CIs

A

interferon (avonex)

desensitizes immune cells to autoimmune antibodies

contraindicated in depression, hepatoxoic

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41
Q

Tamsulosin

A

Alpha blocker, BPH

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42
Q

Venlafaxine

A

Antidepressant

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43
Q

aerosol steroids

A

flunisolide, fluticasone, triamcinolone

44
Q

Sitagliptin

A

Diabetes (type II)

45
Q

ibuprofe and naproxen are what kind of NSAIDs

A

propionic acid

46
Q

Diazepam

A

Sedative-antianxiety

47
Q

trastuzumab

A

HER2 MAB for breast cancer

48
Q

what are chloroquinine and d penilcillaine not commonly used

A

chloroquinine causes retinopathy and AV/BBB

d penicillamine is very toxic

49
Q

other uses for H1 antihistamines

A

motion sickness (benedryl)

sedation (unisom)

antiemesis (phenergan)

50
Q

what is the action of methotrexate

A

blocks use of folic acid (not synthesis

blocks reduction of folate into folic acid

blocks nucleic acid production

51
Q

etanercept is considered a last resort treatment. why?

A

because it blocks TNF alpha and beta and significantly increases the risk of infection and cancer

52
Q

Folic acid

A

Supplement

53
Q

what is the benefit of febuxistat over allopurinol

A

febuxistat is more expensive but more effective, both are usually well tolerated

54
Q

adalimumab, etanercept, and infliximab are what

A

TNF alpha inhibitors used for RA treatment

55
Q

oral steroids

A

basically any

56
Q

Prednisone

A

Corticosteroid, anti-inflammatory

57
Q

preventative treatment for migraines

A

propanolol

amitryptaline

verapamil

divalproex

58
Q

Clonidine

A

Antihypertensive

59
Q

when is primadone used to treat epilepsy

A

pediatrics

60
Q

three reasons to not use colchicine

A

they start having diarrhea

they are taking aspirin (bad)

the are taking a macrolide abx

61
Q

Lisdexamphetamine

A

ADHD

62
Q

antithymocyte antibodies are used to do what

A

decrase the number of T cells

63
Q

Estrogen (conjugated)

A

Menopause

64
Q

leflunomide is an RA drug what is the action

A

slows lymphocyte mitosis to reduce pain and swelling

65
Q

Ranitidine

A

Gastric acid inhibitor

66
Q

Pioglitazone

A

Diabetes (type II)

67
Q

acute treatment for migraines

A

NSAIDs

cafergot

sumatriptan

reglan

68
Q

Fluoxetine

A

Antidepressant

69
Q

arachadonic acid + COX = ???

AA + Lipoxygenase = ???

A

prostaglandins and thromboxans

leukotrienes

70
Q

Levofloxacin

A

Antibiotic

71
Q

Mometasone

A

Corticosteroid, allegies

72
Q

Penicillin

A

Antibiotic

73
Q

Insulin glargine

A

Insulin (long-acting)

74
Q

Pantoprazole

A

Gastric Acid Inhibitor

75
Q

Alendronate

A

Osteoporosis

76
Q

Codeine/APAP

A

Analgesic-narcotic

77
Q

what is special about aspirin as an anti-inflammatory

important ADRs

A

it can penetrate brain and tissues

its irreversible

GI, Renal, anticoagulation

78
Q

Diltiazem

A

Antihypertensive (CCB)

79
Q

Insulin Detemir

A

Long-acting insulin

80
Q

infliximab is common used to treat what condition

A

crohns

81
Q

carbamazapine is most commonly used in what type of epilepsy

ADRs

A

partial sz

hepatotoxic

82
Q

Thyroid

A

Thyroid hormone

83
Q

Oxycodone

A

Analgesic-narcotic

84
Q

Insulin aspart

A

Insulin (rapid-acting)

85
Q

Lovastatin

A

Lipid (cholesterol)-lowering

86
Q

NSAIDs increase risk for what

which is probably the safest

A

CVD

naproxin

87
Q

Triamterene/HCTZ

A

Diuretic

88
Q

what is the value of depakote

what is the draw back

A

broad spectrum

most teratogenic

89
Q

Buprenorphine

A

Narcotic addiction

90
Q

Ciprofloxacin

A

Antibiotic

91
Q

allopurinol and febuxistat are what type of drugs used to treat gout

A

xanthine oxidase inhibitors

92
Q

Enalapril

A

Antihypertensive (ACEI)

93
Q

ADRs of corticosteroids

A

adrenal suppression

↓toleratnce of infection

↑hyperglycemia

impaired healing

avascular necrosis

94
Q

Naproxen

A

NSAID

95
Q

Olmesartan

A

Antihypertensive (ARB)

96
Q

glucocortcoids are useful for RA but not good for monotherapy. why

A

because they are not disease modifying and are long term toxic

97
Q

Celecoxib

A

NSAID

98
Q

omalizumab is a what used for what

A

Li = immune, xi = chimeric, monoclonal antibodies used as an antihistamine in severe asthmatics

99
Q

meloxicam is what kind of NSAID

A

oxicam derived NSAIDs

100
Q

indoletic acids (indomethacin) are very strong but

A

they are very GI toxic

101
Q

Ezetimibe

A

Lipid (cholesterol)-lowering

102
Q

topirmate, tiagabine, and gabapentin are what kind of epilepsy drug

what types of sz are they used for

A

gaba modulators

topamax is general, the other two are partial

103
Q

general actions of glucocorticoids

A

↑blood glucose

↑BP

↓agranulocyte production

↓prostaglandin production

104
Q

Tolterodine

A

Incontinence treatment

105
Q

differentiate between lewy body dementia and early onset parkinsons

A

lewy body dementia will have frequent hallucinations

Pharmacotheraputics (10 decks)

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