Drugs Flashcards
What are the 3 types of drug
Medicinal - for medical purposes eg antibiotics
Recreational drugs - for fun and
to relive stress eg cannabis
Performance enhancing drugs - to help improve sporting performance - anabolic steroids
What is a drug
A substance which alters the way the body works
What is addiction
When an individual becomes to dependant on a substance
What are withdrawal symptoms
Symptoms that occur due to not taking the substance eg, headaches, shaking, sweating
What are stimulants
Drugs that increase heart rate and blood pressure and stimulates the brain
What do drugs like heroin do
The prevent impulses from moving in the nervous system, (which stops us feeling pain)
What are the legal recreational drugs
Ethonal(alcohol I drinks)
Nicotine(cigarettes)
Caffeine(coffee)
What are the illegal recreational drugs
Cannabis Cocaine Heroin Ecstasy LSD
What are some performance enhancing drugs
Anabolic steroids- increase muscle mass
Stimulants - increase heart rate and brain activity
What are the ethical pros for performance enhancing drugs
Athletes can make the decision for themselves take the risk of using drugs
Athletes don’t always have the same standard of facilities as others so drugs make it a level playing field
What are the ethical cons of taking performance enhancing drugs
Not fair if athletes gain an advantage through drugs and not training
Athletes aren’t always aware of health risks
How does alcohol affect the body
It’s passes into tissues and the nervous system and slows down impulses to the brain and our reactions
What organ breaks down alcohol
The liver
What are the diseases associated with to much alcohol
Cirrhosis of the liver( damaging liver cells) and liver cancer
What two organs to does alcohol affect
The liver and brain
What is nicotine
An addictive drug found on cigarettes
What is tar
A black chemical that builds up in the lungs by smoking
What diseases can you get from smoking
Emphysema, bronchitis and lung cancer
What is emphysema
When the lungs became less efficient
What affect does smoking have on the blood
It raises blood pressure and blocks blood vessels
What is carbon monoxide
A poisonous gas which decreases the amount of oxygen being carried in the redd blood cells
What can happen to a women who smokes while pregnant
A still birth can occur
A premature baby
A baby with a low body mass
What are 3 stages of drug testing
- Testing on animal and human cells
- testing on animals
- testing on human volunteers
Why are the drugs tested on animals
To see how effective they are, the right dosage and if it’s toxic
Which people are the drugs first tested on
healthy people to see for any bad side effects and at a low dose
What is the optimum dose
The dose which is the most effective and with the least side effects
What is a placebo
A substance that looks like a drug being tested but had no effect
What is the placebo effect
When a patient receives a placebo and expects the treatment to work but has no effect
What does the placebo effect allow doctors to do
It allows them to see the difference the drug actually makes as both groups don’t know if they receive the drug or placebo
Why are clinical trials blind
So patients nor doctor knws who receives drug or placebo so results can be assessed properly
