Drugs Flashcards

0
Q

What are the 3 types of drug

A

Medicinal - for medical purposes eg antibiotics

Recreational drugs - for fun and
to relive stress eg cannabis

Performance enhancing drugs - to help improve sporting performance - anabolic steroids

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1
Q

What is a drug

A

A substance which alters the way the body works

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2
Q

What is addiction

A

When an individual becomes to dependant on a substance

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3
Q

What are withdrawal symptoms

A

Symptoms that occur due to not taking the substance eg, headaches, shaking, sweating

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4
Q

What are stimulants

A

Drugs that increase heart rate and blood pressure and stimulates the brain

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5
Q

What do drugs like heroin do

A

The prevent impulses from moving in the nervous system, (which stops us feeling pain)

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6
Q

What are the legal recreational drugs

A

Ethonal(alcohol I drinks)
Nicotine(cigarettes)
Caffeine(coffee)

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7
Q

What are the illegal recreational drugs

A
Cannabis
Cocaine
Heroin
Ecstasy 
LSD
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8
Q

What are some performance enhancing drugs

A

Anabolic steroids- increase muscle mass

Stimulants - increase heart rate and brain activity

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9
Q

What are the ethical pros for performance enhancing drugs

A

Athletes can make the decision for themselves take the risk of using drugs

Athletes don’t always have the same standard of facilities as others so drugs make it a level playing field

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10
Q

What are the ethical cons of taking performance enhancing drugs

A

Not fair if athletes gain an advantage through drugs and not training

Athletes aren’t always aware of health risks

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11
Q

How does alcohol affect the body

A

It’s passes into tissues and the nervous system and slows down impulses to the brain and our reactions

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12
Q

What organ breaks down alcohol

A

The liver

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13
Q

What are the diseases associated with to much alcohol

A

Cirrhosis of the liver( damaging liver cells) and liver cancer

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14
Q

What two organs to does alcohol affect

A

The liver and brain

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15
Q

What is nicotine

A

An addictive drug found on cigarettes

16
Q

What is tar

A

A black chemical that builds up in the lungs by smoking

17
Q

What diseases can you get from smoking

A

Emphysema, bronchitis and lung cancer

18
Q

What is emphysema

A

When the lungs became less efficient

19
Q

What affect does smoking have on the blood

A

It raises blood pressure and blocks blood vessels

20
Q

What is carbon monoxide

A

A poisonous gas which decreases the amount of oxygen being carried in the redd blood cells

21
Q

What can happen to a women who smokes while pregnant

A

A still birth can occur
A premature baby
A baby with a low body mass

22
Q

What are 3 stages of drug testing

A
  1. Testing on animal and human cells
  2. testing on animals
  3. testing on human volunteers
23
Q

Why are the drugs tested on animals

A

To see how effective they are, the right dosage and if it’s toxic

24
Which people are the drugs first tested on
healthy people to see for any bad side effects and at a low dose
25
What is the optimum dose
The dose which is the most effective and with the least side effects
26
What is a placebo
A substance that looks like a drug being tested but had no effect
27
What is the placebo effect
When a patient receives a placebo and expects the treatment to work but has no effect
28
What does the placebo effect allow doctors to do
It allows them to see the difference the drug actually makes as both groups don't know if they receive the drug or placebo
29
Why are clinical trials blind
So patients nor doctor knws who receives drug or placebo so results can be assessed properly