Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NAPLEX!!!!! > Drug Use in Pregnancy and Lactation > Flashcards

Drug Use in Pregnancy and Lactation Flashcards

1
Q

When in relationship to pregnancy should teratogenic drugs be stopped

A

prior to pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which trimester is most susceptible to birth defects

A

first

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is adequate folic acid consumption in women of childbearing age

A

400-800 mcg daily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is adequate calcium consumption in women of childbearing age

A

1000 mg daily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is adequare vitamin D consumption in women of childbearing age

A

600 IU daily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When should folate be taken in relation to pregnancy to prevent birth defects of the brain and spinal cord

A

at least one month prior and continued for the first 2-3 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

vaccine recommendations during pregnancy

A

inactivated influenza regardless of trimester, Tdap between 27-36 weeks of each pregnancy (3 doses if vaccine history unclear), NO LIVE VACCINES one month before and during pregnancy,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

meaning of pregnancy category A

A

Controlled studies in animals and women have shown no risk in the first trimester, and possible fetal harm is remote

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

meaning of pregnancy category B

A

Either animal studies have no demonstrated risk but there are no controlled studies in pregnant women or animal studies have shown an adverse effect that was not confirmed in controlled studies of women in the 1st trimester

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

meaning of pregnancy category C

A

no controlled studies in humans have been performed and animal studies have shown adverse events, or studies in humans and animals are not available. GIVE IF POTENTIAL BENEFIT OUTWEIGHS THE RISK

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

meaning of pregnancy category D

A

Positive evidence of fetal risk is available, but the benefits may outweigh the risk of life-threatening or serious disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

meaning of pregnancy category X

A

studies in animals or humans show fetal abnormalities. USE IN PREGNANCY IS CONTRAINDICATED

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Well known teratogens

A

alcohol, ACE/ARB, benzos, carbamazepine, dutasteride, ergot derivatives, finasteride, isotretinoin, lenalidomide, leflunomide, lithium, methimazole, methotrexate, misprostol, nafarelin, NSAIDs, paroxetine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, propylthiouracil, quinolones, ribavirin, statins, tazarotene, tetracyclines, thalidomide, topiramate, valproate, warfarin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

FDA warning about SSRI risk in pregnancy

A

potential risk of persitent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Medications that should not be handled by pregnant women

A

5-alpha reductase inhibitors, testosterone, mycophenolate, ganciclovir, chemotherapeutics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

preferred lifestyle changes for management of morning sickness, N/V in pregnancy

A

eat smaller more frequent meals, avoid spicy/odorous foods, frequent naps, reduce stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

1st line medications for management of morning sickness, N/V in pregnancy

A

pyridoxine (B6) +/- doxylamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

preferred lifestyle changes for management of GERD/heartburn in pregnancy

A

eat smaller, more frequent meals, avoid foods that worsen GERD, elevate the head of the bed and not eating 3 hours prior to sleep

19
Q

preferred medications for management of GERD/heartburn in pregnancy

A

Antacids recommended (calcium based), H2RAs - cat B, PPIs - cat B or C

20
Q

preferred medications for management of flatulence during pregnancy

A

simethicone

21
Q

lifestyle changes for management of constipation during pregnancy

A

increased fluid intake, increased dietary fiber intake, increase physical activity

22
Q

preferred medications for management of constipation of constipation during pregnancy

A

fiber (psyllum, calciu polycarbophil, methylcellulose) with adequate amounts of fluid

23
Q

preferred medications for cough, cold, allergies during pregnancy

A

first generation antihistamines (chlorpheiramine [Drug of choice] and diphenhydramine); non-sedating 2ng generation antihistamines loratadine and ceterizine during 2nd and 3rd trimesters.

24
Q

safest nasal steroids in pregnancy

A

budesonide (Rhinocort) and beclomethasone (Beconase AQ)

25
Q

preferred management of pain in pregnancy

A

Acetaminophen (currently investigating risk of ADHD with acetaminophen use)

26
Q

Risk with NSAIDs during pregnancy

A

risk of miscarriage

27
Q

Opioid preference in lactating women

A

short acting at lowest doses effective taken after feedings

28
Q

antibiotics generally considered safe during pregnancy

A

penicillins, cephalosporins, erythromycin, azithromycin

29
Q

Antibiotics to avoid during pregnancy

A

quinolones, tetracyclines

30
Q

preferred treatment for vaginal fungal infections during pregnancy

A

topical antifungals x 7 days

31
Q

avoid treatment of vaginal fungal infections with this during pregnancy

A

fluconazole

32
Q

consequences of untreated bacteriuria in pregnancy

A

premature birth, pyelonephritis, neonatal meningitis

33
Q

preferred treatments for UTI during pregnancy

A

Cephalexin 500 mg Q6H x 7 days or Ampicillin 500 mg Q6H x 7 days

34
Q

preferred treatment of asthma during pregnancy

A

maintanence : inhaled budesonide. rescue: inhale albuterol

35
Q

preferred treatment of VTE/mechanical valves during pregnacy

A

LMWH (cat B) / UFH in last month or if delivery is imminent + pneumatic compression devices prior to delviery in women with VTE if getting a C-section

36
Q

Preferred treatment of hypothyroidism in pregnancy

A

levothyroxine (Cat A) requiring a 30-50% dose increase

37
Q

consequences of untreated hypothyroidism in pregnancy

A

spontaneous abortion/miscarriage, preeclampsia, stillbirth, growth/cognitive impairment, low birth weight

38
Q

preferred treatment of hyperthyroidism in pregnancy

A

propylthiouracil when trying to conceive and during the first trimester, methimazole during the 2nd and 3rd trimester

39
Q

consequences of untreated hyperthyroidism during pregnancy

A

premature delviery and low birth weight

40
Q

preferred treatment of iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy

A

supplemental iron, prenatal vitamins with iron

41
Q

preferred treatment of HTN in pregnancy

A

labetalol, methyldopa, nifedipine

42
Q

HTN drugs contrindicated in pregancy

A

ACE/ARB and direct renin inhibitors

43
Q

preferred treatment of diabetes in pregnancy

A

insulin is preferred. metformin and glybride commonly used

NAPLEX!!!!! (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions