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Pharm Drug Table > Drug Table - Reproduction > Flashcards

Drug Table - Reproduction Flashcards

1
Q 
Class for:
Estradiol (valerate & cypionate)
Estrone sulfate
Equilin sulfate
Quinestrol
A

Estradiol esters

steroidal

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2
Q

Class for:
Ethinyl estradiol
Mestranol

A

Alkyl estrogen

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3
Q 
Mechanism for:
Estradiol (valerate & cypionate)
Estrone sulfate
Equilin sulfate
Quinestrol

Ethinyl estradiol
Mestranol

A

Absorbed through skin, mucus membranes,
GI Tract; body-wide distribution via sexhormone
binding globulin

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4
Q 
Therapeutics for:
Estradiol (valerate & cypionate)
Estrone sulfate
Equilin sulfate
Quinestrol

Ethinyl estradiol
Mestranol

A

Contraception, primary hypogonadism,

postmenopausal hormone therapy

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5
Q 
Imp side effects for:
Estradiol (valerate & cypionate)
Estrone sulfate
Equilin sulfate
Quinestrol

Ethinyl estradiol
Mestranol

A

Weight gain, HTN; less commonly,
may cause breast cancer, DVT,
cervical and endometrial cancer

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6
Q 
Other side effects for:
Estradiol (valerate & cypionate)
Estrone sulfate
Equilin sulfate
Quinestrol

Ethinyl estradiol
Mestranol

A

Nausea, breast tension/pain,

vaginal bleeding, headache

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7
Q 
Misc for:
Estradiol (valerate & cypionate)
Estrone sulfate
Equilin sulfate
Quinestrol

Ethinyl estradiol
Mestranol

A 
Strongly contraindicated in breast or
endometrial cancers, endometriosis,
undiagnosed vaginal bleeds;
relatively contradinicated in
pregnancy, thromboembolic disease,
HTN, hepatic disease, family history
of breast or uterine cancer
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8
Q

Diethylstilbestrol class

A

Non-steroidal

synthetic estrogen

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9
Q

Diethylstilbestrol Imp side effect

A

Increased risk of clear cell

adenocarcinoma of vagina & cervix

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10
Q

Tamoxifen citrate (Nolvadex) class

A

Non-steroidal antiestrogen;
selective
estrogen receptor
modifier

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11
Q

Tamoxifen citrate (Nolvadex) mechanism

A

Blocks estrogen from binding ER and

causing growth in ER(+) breast cancer

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12
Q

Tamoxifen citrate (Nolvadex) therapeutics

A

ER(+) breast cancer

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13
Q

Tamoxifen citrate (Nolvadex) imp side effects

A 
Pro-estrogenic effect on uterine
epithelium (increase risk of
endometrial cancer); partial
estrogen agonist in bone and
endometrium
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14
Q

Tamoxifen citrate (Nolvadex) misc

A

Anti-estrogenic effect on mammary
epithelium; must be used in very
high doses

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15
Q

Clomiphene citrate (Clomid) class

A

Non-steroidal antiestrogen

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16
Q

Clomiphene citrate (Clomid) mechanism

A

Blocks estrogen binding to hypothalamic
receptors (no estradiol negative feedback
on gonadotropins) –> increased secretion
of gonadotropins & LH –> ovulation

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17
Q

Clomiphene citrate (Clomid) therapeutics

A

Stimulate ovulation in patients who

want to get pregnant

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18
Q

Clomiphene citrate (Clomid) imp side effects

A

Hot flashes, multiple pregnancy

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19
Q

Clomiphene citrate (Clomid) other side effects

A

Stomach pain, headache, upset

stomach, vomit

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20
Q

Clomiphene citrate (Clomid) misc

A

Cis-isomer (zuclomiphene) is a weak
estrogen agonist; trans-isomer
(enclomiphene) is a potent estrogen
antagonist

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21
Q

Class
Micronized progesterone
Transvaginal progesterone

A

Natural

progesterone

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22
Q

Therapeutics for
Micronized progesterone
Transvaginal progesterone

A

Contraception, hormone replacement

therapy

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23
Q

Imp side effects for
Micronized progesterone
Transvaginal progesterone

A

Fatigue, drowsiness

24
Q

Misc for
Micronized progesterone
Transvaginal progesterone

A 
Contraindicated in thromboembolic
disorders or patients with such a
history, liver disease (metabolised in
the liver), undiagnosed vaginal
bleeding, pregnancy (atrophy of
endometrium leading to birth
defects)
25
Q 
Class for:
Medroxyprogesterone
Norethindrone
Norgestrel
Megestrol
A

Synthetic

progesterone

26
Q 
Therapeutics for:
Medroxyprogesterone
Norethindrone
Norgestrel
Megestrol
A

Contraception, hormone replacement

therapy

27
Q 
Imp side effects for:
Medroxyprogesterone
Norethindrone
Norgestrel
Megestrol
A

Edema, abdominal bloating; less
commonly: strong androgenic
effects (hirsutism, acne)

28
Q 
Other side effects for:
Medroxyprogesterone
Norethindrone
Norgestrel
Megestrol
A

Anxiety, irritability, depression,
muscular pain; increased risk of
thrombus and PE

29
Q 
Misc for:
Medroxyprogesterone
Norethindrone
Norgestrel
Megestrol
A 
Contraindicated in thromboembolic
disorders or patients with such a
history, liver disease (metabolised in
the liver), undiagnosed vaginal
bleeding, pregnancy (atrophy of
endometrium leading to birth
defects)
30
Q

Class for:
Monophasic Ortho-Novum
Biphasic Ortho-Novum
Triphasic Ortho-Novum

A

Combination pill

31
Q

Mechanism for:
Monophasic Ortho-Novum
Biphasic Ortho-Novum
Triphasic Ortho-Novum

A

Constant level of estrogen suppresses FSH,
LH surge; progesterone suppresses LH
surge, thickens cervical mucus, leads to
endometrial atrophy

32
Q

Therapeutics for:
Monophasic Ortho-Novum
Biphasic Ortho-Novum
Triphasic Ortho-Novum

A

Contraception

33
Q

Imp side effects for:
Monophasic Ortho-Novum
Biphasic Ortho-Novum
Triphasic Ortho-Novum

A

As with synthetic estrogen and

progesterones

34
Q

Monophasic Ortho-Novum Misc

A

Consistent dose of estrogen and

progestin (only take 21 days)

35
Q

Biphasic Ortho-Novum Misc

A

Fixed estrogen, progestin increased

for days 11-21

36
Q

Triphasic Ortho-Novum Misc

A

Fixed or variable estrogen, while
progestin increases in 3 phases (1-7,
8-14, 15-21)

37
Q

Mini-pill class

A

Progestin only

38
Q

Mini-pill mechanism

A

As progestin

39
Q

Mini-pill Therapeutics

A 
Less effective than combination pill for
contraception; use when patient has
estrogen contraindication; good in
lactating women (estrogen reduces milk
production)
40
Q

Mini-pill imp side effect

A 
More likely to produce irregular
menstrual cycle (estrogen required
to provide stability to endometrium)
41
Q

Mini-pill other side effect

A

Suppresses endometrial cancer

42
Q

Levonorgestrel (Plan B) class

A

Synthetic

progestogen

43
Q

Levonorgestrel (Plan B) Mechanism

A

Not known

44
Q

Levonorgestrel (Plan B) Therapeutics

A

Prevent implantation

45
Q

Levonorgestrel (Plan B) Imp side effect

A

Likely the same as combination

oral contraceptives

46
Q

Levonorgestrel (Plan B) misc

A

Must be taken within 72 hours of

coitus

47
Q

Mifepristone (RU-486, Korlym) class

A

Anti-progestin;
glucocorticoid
receptor
antagonist

48
Q

Mifepristone (RU-486, Korlym) Mechanism

A

Competitively binds to progesterone
receptor (leading to detachment of fetus);
glucocorticoid recepter antagonist

49
Q

Mifepristone (RU-486, Korlym) Therapeutics

A

Abortion; Cushing’s Syndrome

50
Q

Mifepristone (RU-486, Korlym) Misc

A 
Must take early in pregnancy (by day
49); oral administration; must be
given by doctor in medical facility
prepared for surgery if abortion
incomplete
51
Q

Class for:
Sildenafil citrate (Viagra)
Vardenafil HCl (Levitra)
Tadalafil (Cialis)

A

PDE5 inhibitor

52
Q 
Mechanism for:
Sildenafil citrate (Viagra)
Vardenafil HCl (Levitra)
Tadalafil (Cialis)
A

Bind catalytic site of PDE5; inhibits PDE5
breakdown of cGMP –> decreased Ca –>
smooth muscle relaxation –> erection

53
Q

Therapeutics for:
Sildenafil citrate (Viagra)
Vardenafil HCl (Levitra)
Tadalafil (Cialis)

A

Erectile dysfunction; does not trigger an
automatic erection, but improves
response to sexual stimulation

54
Q

Imp side effects for:
Sildenafil citrate (Viagra)
Vardenafil HCl (Levitra)
Tadalafil (Cialis)

A

Headache, dizziness, change in

vision (NAION)

55
Q

Other side effects for:
Sildenafil citrate (Viagra)
Vardenafil HCl (Levitra)
Tadalafil (Cialis)

A

Flushing, upset stomach, stuffy

or runny nose, UTI, diarrhea

56
Q 
Misc for:
Sildenafil citrate (Viagra)
Vardenafil HCl (Levitra)
A 
Oral (once/day max); half-life of 4
hours, peak plasma concentration in
1-2 hours; contraindicated if on
nitrates or α-blockers (unsafe drop in
BP)
57
Q

Misc for:

Tadalafil (Cialis)

A 
Oral (once/day max); half-life of 17.5
hours, peak plasma concentration in
1-2 hours; contraindicate if on
nitrates or α-blockers (unsafe drop in
BP)

Pharm Drug Table (11 decks)

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