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Pharm Drug Table > Drug Table - DNA Intercalating Agents > Flashcards

Drug Table - DNA Intercalating Agents Flashcards

1
Q

DNA Intercalating Agents

General Mechanism

A

Bind DNA through intercalation between
specific bases, blocking DNA, RNA or both
synthesis; cause DNA strands to break and
interfere with cell replication; CCNS

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2
Q

Dactinomycin (Actinomycin D, Cosmegen) Mech

A

Intercalates G-C base pairs of DNA,
interfering with DNA-dependant RNA
polymerase; also causes ssDNA breaks

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3
Q

Dactinomycin (Actinomycin D, Cosmegen) Therapeutics

A 
Pediatric tumors (Wilms' tumor,
rhabdomyosarcoma Ewing's sarcoma);
choriocarcinoma in women
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4
Q

Dactinomycin (Actinomycin D, Cosmegen) Imp Side effects

A

Hematopoietic suppression with

pancytopenia

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5
Q

Dactinomycin (Actinomycin D, Cosmegen) Other side effects

A

Anorexia, nausea, vomiting

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6
Q

Daunorubicin (Cerubidine) Class

A

Anthracyclines

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7
Q

Daunorubicin (Cerubidine) Mech

A

Intercalate between DNA base pairs and
donate electrons to O2 to form superoxide;
superoxide reacts with itself to form H2O2 –
> cleaved in the presence of Fe to form OH
radical, which cleaves DNA

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8
Q

Daunorubicin (Cerubidine) Therapeutics

A

AML

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9
Q

Daunorubicin (Cerubidine) Imp Side effects

A

Irreversible dose-dependent

cardiotoxicity; alopecia

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10
Q

Daunorubicin (Cerubidine) Other side effects

A

Myelosuppression
(neutropenia), stomatitis, GI
disturbances

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11
Q

Daunorubicin (Cerubidine) Misc

A

Dexrazoxane is cardio-protective

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12
Q

Idarubicin (Idamycin) Class

A

Anthracyclines

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13
Q

Idarubicin (Idamycin) Mech

A

Intercalate between DNA base pairs and
donate electrons to O2 to form superoxide;
superoxide reacts with itself to form H2O2 –
> cleaved in the presence of Fe to form OH
radical, which cleaves DNA

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14
Q

Idarubicin (Idamycin) Therapeutics

A

AML

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15
Q

Idarubicin (Idamycin) Imp Side effects

A

Irreversible dose-dependent

cardiotoxicity; alopecia

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16
Q

Idarubicin (Idamycin) Other side effects

A

Myelosuppression
(neutropenia), stomatitis, GI
disturbances

17
Q

Idarubicin (Idamycin) Misc

A

Dexrazoxane is cardio-protective

18
Q

Doxorubicin (Adriamicin, Doxil) class

A

Anthracyclines

19
Q

Doxorubicin (Adriamicin, Doxil) Mech

A

Intercalate between DNA base pairs and
donate electrons to O2 to form superoxide;
superoxide reacts with itself to form H2O2 –
> cleaved in the presence of Fe to form OH
radical, which cleaves DNA

20
Q

Doxorubicin (Adriamicin, Doxil) Therapeutics

A

Sarcomas, breast and lung carcinomas,

malignant lymphomas

21
Q

Doxorubicin (Adriamicin, Doxil) Imp side effects

A

Irreversible dose-dependent

cardiotoxicity; alopecia

22
Q

Doxorubicin (Adriamicin, Doxil) Other side effects

A

Myelosuppression
(neutropenia), stomatitis, GI
disturbances

23
Q

Doxorubicin (Adriamicin, Doxil) Misc

A

Dexrazoxane can be used to prevent

cardiotoxic effects

24
Q

Epirubicin (Ellence) Class

A

Anthracyclines

25
Q

Epirubicin (Ellence) Mech

A

Intercalate between DNA base pairs and
donate electrons to O2 to form superoxide;
superoxide reacts with itself to form H2O2 –
> cleaved in the presence of Fe to form OH
radical, which cleaves DNA

26
Q

Epirubicin (Ellence) Therapeutics

A

Metastatic breast cancer, gastric

cancer

27
Q

Epirubicin (Ellence) Imp side effects

A

Irreversible dose-dependent

cardiotoxicity; alopecia

28
Q

Epirubicin (Ellence) Other side effects

A

Myelosuppression
(neutropenia), stomatitis, GI
disturbances

29
Q

Epirubicin (Ellence) Misc

A

Dexrazoxane can be used to prevent

cardiotoxic effects

30
Q

Bleomycin (Blenoxane) Mech

A

Acts in G2 phase of cell cycle. Binds to

DNA, producing ss- and dsDNA breaks

31
Q

Bleomycin (Blenoxane) Therapeutics

A

Combination therapy for testicular
tumors or Hodgkin’s disease;
squamous cell carcinomas and
lymphomas

32
Q

Bleomycin (Blenoxane) Imp side effects

A 
Pulmonary toxicity (pulmonary
fibrosis); cutaneous toxicity
(hyperpigmentation,
hyperkeratosis, erythema);
hyperthermia
33
Q

Bleomycin (Blenoxane) Other side effects

A

Minimally myelo- and
immunosuppressive (often used
in combo therapy); headache,
nausea, vomiting

34
Q

Bleomycin (Blenoxane) Misc

A

Dexrazoxane can be used to prevent

cardiotoxic effects

Pharm Drug Table (11 decks)

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