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Step 1 Pharmacology > Drug Reactions > Flashcards

Drug Reactions Flashcards

1
Q

Cardiovascular - What are the causal agents of Coronary vasospasm?

A

Cocaine, sumatriptan, ergot alkaloids

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2
Q

Cardiovascular - What are the causal agents of Cutaneous flushing?

A

Vancomycin, Adenosine, Niacin, Ca2+ channel blockers

Acronym - VANC

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3
Q

Cardiovascular - What are the causal agents of Dilated cardiomyopathy?

A

Doxorubicin, daunorubicin

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4
Q

Cardiovascular - What are the causal agents of Torsades de pointes?

A

Class III (e.g., sotalol) and class IA (e.g., quinidine) antiarrhythmics, macrolide antibiotics, antipsychotics, TCAs

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5
Q

Endocrine/reproductive - What are the causal agents of Adrenocortical insufficiency?

A

HPA suppression 2° to glucocorticoid withdrawal

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6
Q

Endocrine/reproductive - What are the causal agents of Hot flashes?

A

Tamoxifen, clomiphene

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7
Q

Endocrine/reproductive - What are the causal agents of Hyperglycemia?

A

Tacrolimus, Protease inhibitors, Niacin, HCTZ, β-blockers, Corticosteroids
(Acronym - Taking Pills Necessitates Having Blood Checked)

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8
Q

Endocrine/reproductive - What are the causal agents of Hypothyroidism?

A

Lithium, amiodarone, sulfonamides

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9
Q

GI - What are the causal agents of Acute cholestatic hepatitis, jaundice?

A

Erythromycin

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10
Q

GI - What are the causal agents of Diarrhea?

A

Metformin, Erythromycin, Colchicine, Orlistat, Acarbose

Acronym - Might Excite Colon On Accident

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11
Q

GI - What are the causal agents of Focal to massive hepatic necrosis?

A

Halothane, Amanita phalloides (death cap mushroom), Valproic acid, Acetaminophen

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12
Q

GI - What are the causal agents of Hepatitis?

A

INH

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13
Q

GI - What are the causal agents of Pancreatitis?

A

Didanosine, Corticosteroids, Alcohol, Valproic acid, Azathioprine, Diuretics (furosemide, HCTZ
(Acronym - Drugs Causing A Violent Abdominal Distress)

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14
Q

GI - What are the causal agents of Pseudomembranous colitis?

A

Clindamycin, ampicillin, cephalosporins

Antibiotics predispose to superinfection by resistant C. difficile

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15
Q

Hematologic - What are the causal agents of Agranulocytosis?

A

Dapsone, Clozapine, Carbamazepine, Colchicine, Methimazole, Propylthiouracil
(Acronym - Drugs CCCrush Myeloblasts and Promyelocytes)

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16
Q

Hematologic - What are the causal agents of Aplastic anemia?

A

Carbamazepine, Methimazole, NSAIDs, Benzene, Chloramphenicol, Propylthiouracil
(Acronym - Can’t Make New Blood Cells Properly)

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17
Q

Hematologic - What are the causal agents of Direct Coombs - positive hemolytic anemia?

A

Methyldopa, penicillin

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18
Q

Hematologic - What are the causal agents of Gray baby syndrome?

A

Chloramphenicol

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19
Q

Hematologic - What are the causal agents of Hemolysis in G6PD deficiency?

A

INH, Sulfonamides, Dapsone, Primaquine, Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Nitrofurantoin
(Acronym - hemolysis IS D PAIN)

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20
Q

Hematologic - What are the causal agents of Megaloblastic anemia?

A

Phenytoin, Methotrexate, Sulfa drugs

Acronym - Having a blast with PMS

21
Q

Hematologic - What are the causal agents of Thrombocytopenia?

A

Heparin, cimetidine

22
Q

Hematologic - What are the causal agents of Thrombotic complications?

A

OCPs (e.g., estrogens)

23
Q

Musculoskeletal/skin/connective tissue - What are the causal agents of Fat redistribution?

A

Protease inhibitors, Glucocorticoids

Acronym - Fat PiG

24
Q

Musculoskeletal/skin/connective tissue - What are the causal agents of Gingival hyperplasia?

A

Phenytoin, verapamil, cyclosporine, nifedipine

25
Q

Musculoskeletal/skin/connective tissue - What are the causal agents of Hyperuricemia (gout)?

A

Pyrazinamide, Thiazides, Furosemide, Niacin, Cyclosporine

Acronym - Painful Tophi and Feet Need Care

26
Q

Musculoskeletal/skin/connective tissue - What are the causal agents of Myopathy?

A

Fibrates, niacin, colchicine, hydroxychloroquine, interferon-α, penicillamine, statins, glucocorticoids

27
Q

Musculoskeletal/skin/connective tissue - What are the causal agents of Osteoporosis?

A

Corticosteroids, heparin

28
Q

Musculoskeletal/skin/connective tissue - What are the causal agents of Photosensitivity?

A

Sulfonamides, Amiodarone, Tetracyclines, 5-FU

Acronym - SAT For Photo

29
Q

Musculoskeletal/skin/connective tissue - What are the causal agents of Rash (Stevens-Johnson syndrome)?

A

Anti-epileptic drugs (ethosuximide, carbamazepine, lamotrigine, phenytoin, phenobarbital), Allopurinal, Sulfa drugs, Penicillin
(Remember: Steven Johnson has epileptic Allergy to Sulfa drugs and Penicillin)

30
Q

Musculoskeletal/skin/connective tissue - What are the causal agents of SLE-like syndrome?

A

Sulfa drugs, Hydralazine, INH, Procainamide, Phenytoin, Etanercept)
(Remember: Having lupus is SHIPP-E)

31
Q

Musculoskeletal/skin/connective tissue - What are the causal agents of Teeth discoloration?

A

Tetracyclines

32
Q

Musculoskeletal/skin/connective tissue - What are the causal agents of Tendonitis, tendon rupture, and cartilage damage?

A

Fluroquinolones

33
Q

Neurologic - What are the causal agents of Cinchonism?

A

Quinidine, quinine

34
Q

Neurologic - What are the causal agents of Parkinson-like syndrome?

A

Antipsychotics, Reserpine, Metoclopramide

Acronym: cogwheel rigidity of ARM

35
Q

Neurologic - What are the causal agents of Seizures?

A

INH (vitamin B6 deficiency), Bupropionm Imipenem/cilastatin, Tramadol, Enflurane, Metoclopramide
(Remember: With seizures, I BITE My tongue)

36
Q

Neurologic - What are the causal agents of Tardive dyskinesia?

A

Antipsychotics, metoclopramide

37
Q

Renal/Genitourinary - What are the causal agents of Diabetes insipidus?

A

Lithium, demeclocycline

38
Q

Renal/Genitourinary - What are the causal agents of Fanconi syndrome?

A

Expired tetracycline

39
Q

Renal/Genitourinary - What are the causal agents of Hemorrhagic cystitis?

A

Cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide

Prevent by coadministering with mesna

40
Q

Renal/Genitourinary - What are the causal agents of Interstitial nephritis?

A

Methicillin, NSAIDs, furosemide

41
Q

Renal/Genitourinary - What are the causal agents of SIADH?

A

Carbamazepine, Cyclophosphamide, SSRIs

Acronym - Can’t Concentrate Serum Sodium

42
Q

Respiratory - What are the causal agents of Dry cough?

A

ACE inhibitors

43
Q

Respiratory - What are the causal agents of Pulmonary fibrosis?

A

Bleomycin, Amiodarone, Busulfan, Methotrexate

Acronym - Breathing Air Badly from Medications

44
Q

Multiorgan - What are the causal agents of Antimuscarinic?

A

Atropine, TCAs, H1-blockers, antipsychotics

45
Q

Multiorgan - What are the causal agents of Disulfiram-like reaction?

A

Metronidazole, certain cephalosporins, griseofulvin, procarbazine, 1st-generation sulfonylureas

46
Q

Multiorgan - What are the causal agents of Nephrotoxicity/ototoxicity?

A

Aminoglycosides, vancomycin, loop diuretics, cisplatin

47
Q

What drugs are Cytochrome P-450 Inducers (+)?

A

Chronic alcohol use, Modafinil, St. John’s wort, Phenytoin, Phenobarbital, Nevirapine, Rifampin, Griscofulvin, and Carbamazepine
(Acronym - Chronic alcoholic Mona Steals Phen-Phen and Never Refuses Greasy Carbs)

48
Q

What drugs are Cytochrome P-450 Substrates?

A

Anti-epileptics, Antidepressants, Antipsychotics, Anesthetics, Theophylline, Warfarin, Statins, OCPs
(Acronym - Always, Always, Always, Always Think When Starting Others)

49
Q

What drugs are Cytochrome P-450 Inhibitors (-)?

A

Acute alcohol abuse, Gemfibrozil, Ciprofloxacin, Isoniazid, Grapefruit juice, Quinidine, Amiodarone, Ketoconazole, Macrolides, Sulfonamides, Cimetidine, Ritonavir)
(Acronym - A cute Gentleman “Cipped” Iced Grapefruit juice Quickly And Kept Munching on Soft Cinammon Rolls)

Step 1 Pharmacology (18 decks)

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