Drug Reactions Flashcards by John Smith

Cardiovascular - What are the causal agents of Coronary vasospasm?

Cocaine, sumatriptan, ergot alkaloids

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Cardiovascular - What are the causal agents of Cutaneous flushing?

Vancomycin, Adenosine, Niacin, Ca2+ channel blockers

Acronym - VANC

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Cardiovascular - What are the causal agents of Dilated cardiomyopathy?

Doxorubicin, daunorubicin

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Cardiovascular - What are the causal agents of Torsades de pointes?

Class III (e.g., sotalol) and class IA (e.g., quinidine) antiarrhythmics, macrolide antibiotics, antipsychotics, TCAs

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Endocrine/reproductive - What are the causal agents of Adrenocortical insufficiency?

HPA suppression 2° to glucocorticoid withdrawal

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Endocrine/reproductive - What are the causal agents of Hot flashes?

Tamoxifen, clomiphene

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Endocrine/reproductive - What are the causal agents of Hyperglycemia?

Tacrolimus, Protease inhibitors, Niacin, HCTZ, β-blockers, Corticosteroids
(Acronym - Taking Pills Necessitates Having Blood Checked)

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Endocrine/reproductive - What are the causal agents of Hypothyroidism?

Lithium, amiodarone, sulfonamides

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GI - What are the causal agents of Acute cholestatic hepatitis, jaundice?

Erythromycin

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GI - What are the causal agents of Diarrhea?

Metformin, Erythromycin, Colchicine, Orlistat, Acarbose

Acronym - Might Excite Colon On Accident

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GI - What are the causal agents of Focal to massive hepatic necrosis?

Halothane, Amanita phalloides (death cap mushroom), Valproic acid, Acetaminophen

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GI - What are the causal agents of Hepatitis?

INH

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GI - What are the causal agents of Pancreatitis?

Didanosine, Corticosteroids, Alcohol, Valproic acid, Azathioprine, Diuretics (furosemide, HCTZ
(Acronym - Drugs Causing A Violent Abdominal Distress)

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GI - What are the causal agents of Pseudomembranous colitis?

Clindamycin, ampicillin, cephalosporins

Antibiotics predispose to superinfection by resistant C. difficile

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Hematologic - What are the causal agents of Agranulocytosis?

Dapsone, Clozapine, Carbamazepine, Colchicine, Methimazole, Propylthiouracil
(Acronym - Drugs CCCrush Myeloblasts and Promyelocytes)

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Hematologic - What are the causal agents of Aplastic anemia?

Carbamazepine, Methimazole, NSAIDs, Benzene, Chloramphenicol, Propylthiouracil
(Acronym - Can’t Make New Blood Cells Properly)

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Hematologic - What are the causal agents of Direct Coombs - positive hemolytic anemia?

Methyldopa, penicillin

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Hematologic - What are the causal agents of Gray baby syndrome?

Chloramphenicol

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Hematologic - What are the causal agents of Hemolysis in G6PD deficiency?

INH, Sulfonamides, Dapsone, Primaquine, Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Nitrofurantoin
(Acronym - hemolysis IS D PAIN)

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Hematologic - What are the causal agents of Megaloblastic anemia?

Phenytoin, Methotrexate, Sulfa drugs

Acronym - Having a blast with PMS

Hematologic - What are the causal agents of Thrombocytopenia?

Heparin, cimetidine

Hematologic - What are the causal agents of Thrombotic complications?

OCPs (e.g., estrogens)

Musculoskeletal/skin/connective tissue - What are the causal agents of Fat redistribution?

Protease inhibitors, Glucocorticoids

Acronym - Fat PiG

Musculoskeletal/skin/connective tissue - What are the causal agents of Gingival hyperplasia?

Phenytoin, verapamil, cyclosporine, nifedipine

Musculoskeletal/skin/connective tissue - What are the causal agents of Hyperuricemia (gout)?

Pyrazinamide, Thiazides, Furosemide, Niacin, Cyclosporine | Acronym - Painful Tophi and Feet Need Care

Musculoskeletal/skin/connective tissue - What are the causal agents of Myopathy?

Fibrates, niacin, colchicine, hydroxychloroquine, interferon-α, penicillamine, statins, glucocorticoids

Musculoskeletal/skin/connective tissue - What are the causal agents of Osteoporosis?

Corticosteroids, heparin

Musculoskeletal/skin/connective tissue - What are the causal agents of Photosensitivity?

Sulfonamides, Amiodarone, Tetracyclines, 5-FU | Acronym - SAT For Photo

Musculoskeletal/skin/connective tissue - What are the causal agents of Rash (Stevens-Johnson syndrome)?

Anti-epileptic drugs (ethosuximide, carbamazepine, lamotrigine, phenytoin, phenobarbital), Allopurinal, Sulfa drugs, Penicillin (Remember: Steven Johnson has epileptic Allergy to Sulfa drugs and Penicillin)

Musculoskeletal/skin/connective tissue - What are the causal agents of SLE-like syndrome?

Sulfa drugs, Hydralazine, INH, Procainamide, Phenytoin, Etanercept) (Remember: Having lupus is SHIPP-E)

Musculoskeletal/skin/connective tissue - What are the causal agents of Teeth discoloration?

Tetracyclines

Musculoskeletal/skin/connective tissue - What are the causal agents of Tendonitis, tendon rupture, and cartilage damage?

Fluroquinolones

Neurologic - What are the causal agents of Cinchonism?

Quinidine, quinine

Neurologic - What are the causal agents of Parkinson-like syndrome?

Antipsychotics, Reserpine, Metoclopramide | Acronym: cogwheel rigidity of ARM

Neurologic - What are the causal agents of Seizures?

INH (vitamin B6 deficiency), Bupropionm Imipenem/cilastatin, Tramadol, Enflurane, Metoclopramide (Remember: With seizures, I BITE My tongue)

Neurologic - What are the causal agents of Tardive dyskinesia?

Antipsychotics, metoclopramide

Renal/Genitourinary - What are the causal agents of Diabetes insipidus?

Lithium, demeclocycline

Renal/Genitourinary - What are the causal agents of Fanconi syndrome?

Expired tetracycline

Renal/Genitourinary - What are the causal agents of Hemorrhagic cystitis?

Cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide | Prevent by coadministering with mesna

Renal/Genitourinary - What are the causal agents of Interstitial nephritis?

Methicillin, NSAIDs, furosemide

Renal/Genitourinary - What are the causal agents of SIADH?

Carbamazepine, Cyclophosphamide, SSRIs | Acronym - Can't Concentrate Serum Sodium

Respiratory - What are the causal agents of Dry cough?

ACE inhibitors

Respiratory - What are the causal agents of Pulmonary fibrosis?

Bleomycin, Amiodarone, Busulfan, Methotrexate | Acronym - Breathing Air Badly from Medications

Multiorgan - What are the causal agents of Antimuscarinic?

Atropine, TCAs, H1-blockers, antipsychotics

Multiorgan - What are the causal agents of Disulfiram-like reaction?

Metronidazole, certain cephalosporins, griseofulvin, procarbazine, 1st-generation sulfonylureas

Multiorgan - What are the causal agents of Nephrotoxicity/ototoxicity?

Aminoglycosides, vancomycin, loop diuretics, cisplatin

What drugs are Cytochrome P-450 Inducers (+)?

Chronic alcohol use, Modafinil, St. John's wort, Phenytoin, Phenobarbital, Nevirapine, Rifampin, Griscofulvin, and Carbamazepine (Acronym - Chronic alcoholic Mona Steals Phen-Phen and Never Refuses Greasy Carbs)

What drugs are Cytochrome P-450 Substrates?

Anti-epileptics, Antidepressants, Antipsychotics, Anesthetics, Theophylline, Warfarin, Statins, OCPs (Acronym - Always, Always, Always, Always Think When Starting Others)

What drugs are Cytochrome P-450 Inhibitors (-)?

Acute alcohol abuse, Gemfibrozil, Ciprofloxacin, Isoniazid, Grapefruit juice, Quinidine, Amiodarone, Ketoconazole, Macrolides, Sulfonamides, Cimetidine, Ritonavir) (Acronym - A cute Gentleman "Cipped" Iced Grapefruit juice Quickly And Kept Munching on Soft Cinammon Rolls)