Drug Reactions Flashcards
Using two or more drugs where the combined effect is equal to the sum of the effects of the individual drugs, is known as
Summation
When the final response to using two or more drugs together is far greater than the sum of the individual responses to the drugs, it is known as
Synergism
The addition of a second drug that diminishes the effectiveness of the first drug is known as
Antagonism
Some drugs exert their effect by binding with a cell receptor and eliciting a specific cell response. The degree of binding is called
Affinity
A drug with a high level of affinity for the receptor which elicits a specific response is known as what?
Agonist
A ______________ blocks another drug from combining with a receptor and does not elicit a specific response
Antagonist
Penicillin’s will inactivate ______________ if mixed in the same syringe
Aminoglycosides
Drugs that change the pH of the GIT or kidney may interfere with ______________ or ______________ of another drug at that site
Absorption, excretion
Phenobarbital causes induction of liver enzymes that also metabolize what 3 drugs?
Dexamethasone, griseofulvin, chloramphenicol
If a second drug has a greater affinity for _____________ than the first drug, the first drug will be displaced and the increased free active form of this drug could potentially be ______________
Plasma-binding sites, toxic
A producer calls indicating one of his cows has foot rot. He has a bottle of Oxy LA (tetracycline) but it expired a year ago. What is the biggest risk in giving this drug to the cow?
Nephrotoxicity
What are 2 examples of drugs that adhere to IV infusion lines?
Insulin & diazepam
Ampicillin is susceptible to inactivation in solutions containing what?
Dextrose
Some drugs become ____________ after a short period of time when exposed to light
Unstable
Food has a greater effect on the absorption of __________ drug forms than on liquids
Solid
