Drug Forms/ Administration Flashcards
What are the 4 physical states of drugs?
Liquids, semi-solids, solids, gases
A mixture where the solute is completely dissolved in the solvent and does not settle out
Solution
A specific type of solution in which the solvent is alcohol
Tincture
A mixture where the solute particles are large and suspended but not dissolved in the solvent - will settle out
Suspension
Used for external (topical) or mucus membrane application - soothing product
Lotions
A topical application to counter irritation - feel warm or cool on the skin
Liniment
A liquid administered orally
Drench
Contain the drug and a flavoring liquid for oral use
Syrup
What are the different types of semi-solid drugs?
Ointments, creams, suppositories, pastes, gels
Usually water in oil emulsion with oil being the greater component - used for dry lesions
Ointments
Are oil in water with water being the greatest component - used for moist lesions
Creams
Used for insertion into the vagina, uterus or rectum
Suppositories
Common form of oral medication
Pastes
Transparent or translucent
Gels
What are the most popular forms of oral medications?
Solids
Firm powder mixtures that are compressed
Tablet or caplet
A large tablet
Bolus
A powder within a gelatin case
Capsule
Hard pellets designed to be inserted SQ
Implants
Small balls of compressed powder
Granules
The simplest form - Usually a mixture of the drug and a diluent
Powder
This route of administration is absorbed relatively slow
Oral
This route of administration is applied at the site where it is needed and works systemically
Topical
Subcutaneous injections have a ____________ absorption rate
Slow
Name some common examples of SQ drugs
Insulin, vaccines, some antibiotics
This method of injection has a more rapid rate that SQ but as fast as IV
Intramuscular (IM)
Name some common examples of IM drugs
Vaccines, antibiotics, NSAID’s
What is something you need to be aware of when injecting SQ or IM?
Sites cannot be used for irritating substances or hyperosmotic drugs for SQ
_____________ injections provide immediate drug availability
Intravenous
This type of injection requires absolute sterility
Intra-articular (into a joint)
Injection into the abdominal cavity
Intra-peritoneal
This type of injection is used for euthanasia
Intracardiac
This type of injection is used for allergy testing
Intradermal
This type of injection is used to treat eye conditions
Subconjunctival
Injection into an artery
Intra-arterial
Injection into the marrow cavity of an infected bone
Intramedullary
This route can be used as an emergency procedure to deliver blood/ fluids to small, severely dehydrated animals
Intramedullary
Injection into the epidural space between caudal vertebrae
Epidural
