Drug Names Exam 1 Flashcards
Amitriptyline (Elavil)
Tri-cyclic antidepressant
-Side effects include
-Blurred vision, Dry mouth, dizziness, weight gain
-Cardiotoxicity risk
-Very possible to overdose which is deadly
-Start slow with dosage
Nortriptyline (Pamelor)
Tri-cyclic antidepressant
-Side effects include
-Blurred vision, Dry mouth, dizziness, weight gain
-Cardiotoxicity risk
-Very possible to overdose which is deadly
-Start slow with dosage
Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
-SNRI
-S/E include: Nausea, headache,, elevated BP, Weight gain, tremors
-Fibromyalgia, diabetic neuropath, FDA approved for chronic MS including OA and lower back pain
-May increase bleeding, urinary retention, and increased BP (potential for seizures)
-Need to weigh themselves for concern of weight gain
Venlafaxine (Effexor)
-SNRI
-S/E include: Nausea, headache,, elevated BP, Weight gain, tremors
-May increase bleeding, urinary retention, and increased BP (potential for seizures)
-Need to weigh themselves for concern of weight gain
Gabapentin (Neurontin)
anti-convulsants
-Used first for neuropathic pain
-Improves analgesia
-Allows for lower doses of narcotics
-Start low and titrate
Pregabalin (Lyrica)
anti-convulsants
-Used first for neuropathic pain
-Improves analgesia
-Allows for lower doses of narcotics
-Start low and titrate
Asprin
-Abreiviated ASA
-Avoid in children with flu, or viral sx
-May cause bleeding, monitor kidney function, avoid alc
-Sit up 30 min after taking dose
-Dont crush an enteric tab ya dummy
-Max dose is 4000mg per day
Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
-Affects liver and kidney so its contraindicated for those with impaired function, alcoholism and use of anticoagulants
-S/E is Anorexia, N+V rash and hepatotoxicity
-Need to access for liver dmg ,monitor LFT (Liver enzymes) and look out for jaundice
-MDD= 4000mg per day
Ibuprofen
-NSAID ,relieves inflammation and pain
-Contraindicated in those with hypersensitivity, Liver/ renal disease, use of anticoagulants
-Hypoglycemia with insulin or other drugs like insulin
-Assess for GI upset, bleeding, liver issues, edema
-Need to take with food or milk to avoid those GI issues
-MDD 2400 Kids
-MDD 3200 Adults
Morphine
Used often for cancer and other pains
-S/E: resp depression, orthostatic hypotension, constipation, urinary retention, sedation, hallucinations, miosis
-Naloxone for OD
-Monitor vitals and LOC
Instruct pt to avoid benzo and and alc, and notify provider if dizziness or SOB develops
-May need short and long acting morphine for standard and breakthrough pain.
Tissue Plasminogen Activator
Clot buster
-Cannot be given more than 3 hours (Ish) after the stroke
-Major concern is bleeding
Clopidogrel (Plavix)
Anticoagulant, used in stroke
Atorvastatin
Statin, decreases cholesterol levels
-Used in conjunction with other therapies in stroke
Levodopa
PD Treatment
Dopaminergic agents
-Acts to increase dopamine within the basal ganglion
-Essentially artificial dopamine
-There is increased tolerance and drug metabolism over time,
-Wearing off effect leading to returning symptoms
-Short half life (90-120 min) needs like 3-6 doses a day
-Tolerance is frequent
-Need to administer between meals for adequate absorption
Carbidopa
PD Treatment
Dopaminergic agent
-Also decreases metabolism of levodopa
-Acts to increase dopamine within the basal ganglion
-Essentially artificial dopamine
-There is increased tolerance and drug metabolism over time,
-Wearing off effect leading to returning symptoms
-Short half life (90-120 min) needs like 3-6 doses a day
-Tolerance is frequent
-Need to administer between meals for adequate absorption
bromocroptine (Paradol)
PD Treatment
Dopamine Agonist
-Acts to release dopamine, more dopamine in the synapse
-More effective when used in combination with dopaminergic drugs
-Side effects: Orthostatic hypotension, Dyskinesia, Hallucinations
Ropinirole (Requip)
PD Treatment
Dopamine Agonist
-Acts to release dopamine, more dopamine in the synapse
-More effective when used in combination with dopaminergic drugs
-Side effects: Orthostatic hypotension, Dyskinesia, Hallucinations
Pramipexole (Mirapex)
PD Treatment
Dopamine Agonist
-Acts to release dopamine, more dopamine in the synapse
-More effective when used in combination with dopaminergic drugs
-Side effects: Orthostatic hypotension, Dyskinesia, Hallucinations
Benztropine (Cogentin)
PD Treatment
Anti-cholinergic agents
-Decreases Ach, which decreases the excitability
-Helps to control tremors and rigidity
-Drys you out
-Used also in treatment of tardive-dyskinesia
-Side effects: Dry mouth, Constipation, Urinary retention, Confusion
Trilhexyphenidyl (Artane)
PD Treatment
Anti-cholinergic agents
-Decreases Ach, which decreases the excitability
-Helps to control tremors and rigidity
-Drys you out
-Used also in treatment of tardive-dyskinesia
-Side effects: Dry mouth, Constipation, Urinary retention, Confusion
Entacapone (Comtan)
PD Treatment
Catechol O-Methyltransferace Inhibitor (COMT)
-Prevents the breakdown of Levodopa, leaving more dopamine in the receptor
-Works best when combined with dopaminergic and dopamine agonist agents
-Side effects: Monitor for dyskinesia when given with levodopa
-Diarrhea
-Causes the urine to turn dark
Selegiline
Treats PD
Monoamine Oxidase Type B (MAO-B) Inhibitors
-Inhibits Monoxidase B activity, Increasing activity levels
-Reduces “Wear off” effect of levodopa when given with levodopa
*Need to avoid foods with tyramine, can cause hypertensive crisis
Rasagine
PD treatment
Monoamine Oxidase Type B (MAO-B) Inhibitors
-Inhibits Monoxidase B activity, Increasing activity levels
-Reduces “Wear off” effect of levodopa when given with levodopa
*Need to avoid foods with tyramine, can cause hypertensive crisis
Amantadine (Symmetrel)
Treats PD
Anti-virals medications
-Stimulates release of dopamine and prevents reuptake
-We dont know why it works
-Side effects: Anxiety, confusion, anticholinergic effects (Dry)
Methylprednisolone
SCI treatment
-Helps with swelling
-Steroid
Norepinephrine, Dopamine
SCI treatment
-Vasopressors, increases BP
Atropine
SCI treatment
Antimuscarinic
-Used to increase contractility for bradycardia
Dextran
SCI treatment
Plasma expander
-Increases BP
Baclofan
SCI treatment
-Muscle relaxer, helps with spasticity
Dantrolene
SCI treatment
-Muscle relaxer, helps with spasticity
Valium
SCI treatment
-Muscle relaxer, helps with spasticity
Heparin/ Lovenox
SCI Treatment
anti-coagulants
Mannitol
Used for TBI
Strong osmotic diuretic to decrease fluids
Lasix
Used for TBI
Loop diuretic
Decreases volume
Phenytoin
Used for TBI
-Anticonvulsant, prevents seizures
carbamazepine
Used for TBI
-Anticonvulsant, prevents seizures
benzos
Used for TBI
-Anticonvulsant, prevents seizures
Sou-medrol
-Used for TBI
-Steroid, decreases inflammation
Dexamethasone
-Used for TBI
-Steroid, decreases inflammation
Phenobarbital
-Used for TBI
-Barbiturates
-Used for sedation and coma, decreasing ICP
Clonidine
-Used for BP
-Opiate withdrawal
Robaxin
-Opiate withdrawal
-Muscle relaxer
Methadone
-Detox med, opiate used to ween off
-Opiate withdrawal
Buprenorphine
-Detox med
-Used for opiate withdrawal
-Weaker opiate effects, less likely to overdose
-Long duration of action
-Alleviates craving, milder neonatal withdrawal, increases retention
-Binds to the receptor super well, doesnt allow any other opiate to attach… Except fentanyl which makes this drug useless as all heroin is fentanyl
Naltrexone
Used for alc withdrawal
-Decreases cravings, decreases use
Acamprosate
666mg po
-Decreases distress of alc cessation
-Alc withdrawal med
Disulfiram
250-500 mg po daily
-Alc withdrawal drug
-Causes a person to become violently ill when ingesting alc
