Drug Misuse Flashcards
Stimulant drugs?
Cocaine,
Amphetaine
How fats does cocaine act?
Smoked- immediately
Injected- 15-30 seconds
Snorting- 3 to 5 mins
“Positive” effects of cocaine?
Stimulant and euphoriant
Increased alertness and energy,
Increased confidence and impaired judgement,
Lessens appetite and desire for sleep
Negative effects of cocaine?
Damage to nose and airways, Convulsions with resp failure, Cardiac arrhythmias and MI, Hypertension, Stroke Toxic confusion, Paranoid psychosis
Cocaine withdrawal effects?
Depression, Irritability, Agitation, Craving, Hyperphagia, Hypersomnia
Affect of heroin
Analgesia, Drowsiness and sleep, Mood change, Respiratory depression, Cough reflex depression, Sensitisation of the labyrinth with nausea and vomiting, Deceased sympathetic outflow (bradycardia and hypotension), Lower body temperature, Pupillary constriction, Constipation
Signs of opiate overdose?
Respiratory arrest with a pulse, Pinpoint pupils unreactive to light, Snoring giving way to shallow respiration (<8 breaths/ min), Bradycardia and hypotension, Reduced consciousness/ coma
Side effects of opiates
First time- n/v and headache
Medium term- phlebitis, anorexia, constipation
Longer term- tolerance, withdrawal, social and health problems
Opiate withdrawal syndrome?
Craving, Insomnia, Yawning, Muscle pain and cramps, Increased salivary, nasal and lacrimal secretions, Dilated pupils, Piloerection
Ecstasy effects
Euphoria followed by calm feeling,
Increased sociability,
Inability to distinguish between what is and isn’t desirable
Effects after 20 mins and last for 2-4 hours
Ecstasy side effects
Nausea and dry mouth, Increased blood pressure and temperature, Dehydration, Anxiety and panic, Drug induced psychosis, Liver and brain cell damage
What is the psychoactive agent in cannabis?
Tetrahydrocannabinol
What is high in content in skunk?
THC content
Cannabis psychological effects
Relaxing, Stimulating, Euphoriant, Increasing sociability and hilarity, Increases appetite, Changes in time perception, Synaesthesia, Anxiety, Panic, Persecutory, Ideation, Hallucinatory activity
Cannabis ill effects?
Respiratory problems,
Toxic confusion,
Exacerbation of major mental illness,
Cannabis psychosis
Novel psychoactive substances
NPS
Legal highs
What are anabolic steroids?
Family of drug comprising testosterone and many synthetic analogues
Affect of anabolic steroids?
Muscle hypertrophy
Particularly in upper body
Steroid side effects
Skin- acne, stretch marks, baldness
Feminisation in males with hypogonadism and gynaecomastia
In woman- hirsutism, deep voice, cliotoral enlargement, menstrual irregularities, hair thinning
Cardio- increased cholesterol, hypertension
Growth deficits
Liver disease- cholestatic jaundice, liver tumours
Psychological-irritability and anger, hypomania and mania, depression and suicidality on withdrawal
