Anxiety Disorders Flashcards
Models of stress
Biomechanical engineering
Medicophysiological
Psychological
Coping methods
Problem focussed (efforts directed toward modifying stressor) Emotion focussed (modify emotional reaction)
Symptoms groups of anxiety
Psychological arousal, Autonomic arousal, Muscle tension, Hyperventilation, Sleep disturbance
Psychological arousal
Fearful anticipation Irritability Sensitivity to noise Poor concentration Worrying thoughts
Autonomic arousal symptoms
GI: Dry mouth Swallowing difficulties Dyspepsia Frequent loose motions Resp: Tight chest Difficulty inhaling Cardio: Palpitations Chest pain Genitourinary: Frequency/ urgency of micturation Amenorrhoea/ dysmenorrhoea Erectile failure CNS: Dizziness and sweating
Muscle tension symptoms
Tremor,
Headache,
Muscle pain
Hyperventilation symptoms of anxiety
Causing CO2 deficit hypocapnia
Numbness tingling in extremities may lead to carpopedal spasm
Breathlessness
Sleep disturbance symptoms of anxiety
Initial insomnia,
Frequent waking,
Nightmares and night terrors
What does Mithran have a phobia of
Scrappy doo
Define generalised anxiety disorder
Persistent (several months) symptoms not confined to a situation or object
Physical conditions that can cause anxiety
Thyrotoxicosis
Phaechromocytoma
Hypoglycaemia
Asthma and arrhythmias
Higher prevalence of generalised anxiety disorders
More woman than men
Management of generalised anxiety disorders
Counselling,
Relaxation training,
Medication,
Cognitive behaviour therapy
Define phobic anxiety disorder
Some core features as GAD
Person avoids circumstances
Sufferer experiences anxiety if there is a perceived threat of encountering the feared object or situation
Three clinically important phobic anxiety disorders
Specific,
Social,
Agoraphobia
Symptoms of the social phobia
Any of the anxiety cluster
Plus blushing and tremor predominate
Social phobia management
CBT
Education and advice
Medication SSRI antidepressants
Define Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Experience of recurrent obsessional thoughts and or compulsive acts
Obsessional thoughts:
- ideas, images or impulses,
- occurring repeatedly not willed,
- unpleasant and distressing
- recognised as the individuals own thoughts
- anxiety symptoms arise due to distress of thoughts
Management of OCD
Education/ explanation,
CBT,
Psychosurgery,
Serotonergic drugs- SSRI eg fluoxetine or clomipramine
What is Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
Delayed and or protracted reaction to a stressor of exceptional severity
PTSD three key elements
Hyperarousal: -persistent anxiety, -irritability, -insomnia, -poor concentration Re-experiencing phenomena: -flashbacks -nightmares Avoidance of reminders: -emotional numbness -cue avoidance -recall difficulties -dimishishes interests
Management of PTSD
CBT,
Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing
SSRI or TCA
