Anxiety Disorders

Question 1

Models of stress

Answer 1

Biomechanical engineering
Medicophysiological
Psychological

Question 2

Coping methods

Answer 2

Problem focussed (efforts directed toward modifying stressor)
Emotion focussed (modify emotional reaction)

Question 3

Symptoms groups of anxiety

Answer 3

Psychological arousal,
Autonomic arousal,
Muscle tension, 
Hyperventilation, 
Sleep disturbance

Question 4

Psychological arousal

Answer 4

Fearful anticipation 
Irritability 
Sensitivity to noise
Poor concentration 
Worrying thoughts

Question 5

Autonomic arousal symptoms

Answer 5

GI:
Dry mouth 
Swallowing difficulties
Dyspepsia 
Frequent loose motions
Resp:
Tight chest 
Difficulty inhaling 
Cardio:
Palpitations 
Chest pain 
Genitourinary:
Frequency/ urgency of micturation 
Amenorrhoea/ dysmenorrhoea
Erectile failure 
CNS:
Dizziness and sweating

Question 6

Muscle tension symptoms

Answer 6

Tremor,
Headache,
Muscle pain

Question 7

Hyperventilation symptoms of anxiety

Answer 7

Causing CO2 deficit hypocapnia
Numbness tingling in extremities may lead to carpopedal spasm
Breathlessness

Question 8

Sleep disturbance symptoms of anxiety

Answer 8

Initial insomnia,
Frequent waking,
Nightmares and night terrors

Question 9

What does Mithran have a phobia of

Answer 9

Scrappy doo

Question 10

Define generalised anxiety disorder

Answer 10

Persistent (several months) symptoms not confined to a situation or object

Question 11

Physical conditions that can cause anxiety

Answer 11

Thyrotoxicosis
Phaechromocytoma
Hypoglycaemia
Asthma and arrhythmias

Question 12

Higher prevalence of generalised anxiety disorders

Answer 12

More woman than men

Question 13

Management of generalised anxiety disorders

Answer 13

Counselling,
Relaxation training,
Medication,
Cognitive behaviour therapy

Question 14

Define phobic anxiety disorder

Answer 14

Some core features as GAD
Person avoids circumstances
Sufferer experiences anxiety if there is a perceived threat of encountering the feared object or situation

Question 15

Three clinically important phobic anxiety disorders

Answer 15

Specific,
Social,
Agoraphobia

Question 16

Symptoms of the social phobia

Answer 16

Any of the anxiety cluster

Plus blushing and tremor predominate

Question 17

Social phobia management

Answer 17

CBT
Education and advice
Medication SSRI antidepressants

Question 18

Define Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Answer 18

Experience of recurrent obsessional thoughts and or compulsive acts

Obsessional thoughts:

• ideas, images or impulses,
• occurring repeatedly not willed,
• unpleasant and distressing
• recognised as the individuals own thoughts
• anxiety symptoms arise due to distress of thoughts

Question 19

Management of OCD

Answer 19

Education/ explanation,
CBT,
Psychosurgery,
Serotonergic drugs- SSRI eg fluoxetine or clomipramine

Question 20

What is Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

Answer 20

Delayed and or protracted reaction to a stressor of exceptional severity

Question 21

PTSD three key elements

Answer 21

Hyperarousal:
-persistent anxiety, 
-irritability,
-insomnia,
-poor concentration 
Re-experiencing phenomena:
-flashbacks 
-nightmares
Avoidance of reminders:
-emotional numbness
-cue avoidance 
-recall difficulties 
-dimishishes interests

Question 22

Management of PTSD

Answer 22

CBT,
Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing
SSRI or TCA