ADHD

Question 1

what is ADHD

Answer 1

Most common neurobehavioural disorder of childhood

Developmentally abnormal inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity present across time

Question 2

Is ADHD more prevalent in males or females

Answer 2

Males

Question 3

Aetiology of ADHD

Answer 3

Genetic,
Familial dysfunction,
Parental stress

Question 4

Core diagnostic criteria of ADHD

Answer 4

Inattention,
Hyperactivity,
Impulsivity

Question 5

Core diagnostic criteria in ADHD in further detail

Answer 5

Inattention:
Often unable to- listen/ attend,
-sustain attention in play activities, 
-follow instructions
-finish homework
-organise tasks
-loses/ forgets things 

Hyperactivity:

• squirming/ fidgeting,
• always on the go
• talking incessantly
• restless
• no quiet hobbies

Impulsivity:

• blurts out answers
• interrupts others
• cannot take turns

Question 6

To diagnose ADHD what investigations can you do

Answer 6

Collateral history from parents, teachers

Symptoms must be present in at least 2 different settings: home, school

Conner’s,
Comprehensive Assessment Scale

Question 7

Treatment of ADHD

Answer 7

Psycho education:
Give clear education and advice,
Parent education/ training programmes

Psychological therapies:
CBT,
Family therapy

Medication:
1st line- methylphenidate (Ritalin)
2nd line- atomoxetine

Question 8

Side effects of medication for ADHD

Answer 8

Suppresses appetite (which can stunt growth so not recommend to be used at the weekend),

Loss of weight,
Sedation

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Question 9

Complications of ADHD

Answer 9

Substance misuse,
Dissocial personality disorder, 
Unemployment,
Low self esteem, 
increase rate of suicide, 
Anxiety, 
Depression