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D&D Drugs > Drug by Pharmacokinetics > Flashcards

Drug by Pharmacokinetics Flashcards

1
Q

Penicillin V

A

po

renal excretion

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2
Q

Penicillin G

A

IM/IV

renal excretion

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3
Q

Penicillinase-Resistant (Methicillin)

A

po

renal exretion

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4
Q

Amoxicillin

A

po

renal excretion

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5
Q

Antipsuedomonal

A

IV only

renal excretion

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6
Q

Cephalexin

A

po

renal excretion

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7
Q

Cefuroxime

A

po

renal exretion

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8
Q

Cefdinir, Ceftiraxone

A

po

renal exretion

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9
Q

Vancomycin

A

poor oral absorption

renal excretion

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10
Q

carbapenems

A

IV
renal excretion
1 daily + Ertapenem

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11
Q

Macrolides

A

good oral, also IV

concentrates in lungs

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12
Q

Azithromycin

A

good oral, also IV (macrolides)

1 daily, biliary excretion

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13
Q

Doxycylcin

A

po

renal excretion

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14
Q

Minocyclin

A

po

biliary excretion

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15
Q

Lincomycins

A

good po (also IV)

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16
Q

Clindamycin

A 
good po (also IV) 
penetrates into bone, hepatobiliary excretion
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17
Q

Aminoglycoside

A

poor oral absorption so IV/IM
accumulates in kidney/ear
extracellular fluid distribution
renal excretion

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18
Q

Chloramphenicol

A

good po (also IV)
metabolizes to CNS/CSF
metabolized by glucuronidation

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19
Q

Oxazolidinones

A

excellent po, also IV

eliminated by non-enzymatic oxidation and renal

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20
Q

Streptogamins

A

IV only

biliary excretion

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21
Q

Ciprofloxacin

A 
good oral (also IV)
renal excretion
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22
Q

Levofloxacin

A 
good oral (also IV)
renal excretion
23
Q

Nitrofurantoin

A 
good oral (also IV)
rapid GI / kidney absorption so it acts as a urinary antiseptic
24
Q

Metronidazole

A 
good oral (also IV)
hepatic metabolism
25
Q

Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim

A 
good po (also IV)
hepatic/renal elimation
26
Q

Isoniazid

A

well absorbed orally

metabolized by acetylators

27
Q

Rifampin

A

well absorbed orally

hepatobiliary excretion

28
Q

Ethambutol

A

well absorbed orally

renal/fecal excretion

29
Q

Pyrazinamide

A

well absorbed orally

hepatic metabolism

30
Q

Streptomycin

A

IM

31
Q

Amphotericin

A

IV or topical only

slow excretion by kidney/hepatobiliary

32
Q

Nystatin

A

topical only

33
Q

Caspofungin

A

IV infusion only

down levels with P450 inducers

34
Q

Fluconazole

A

po/IV
renal excretion
enters CNS

35
Q

Terbinafine

A

po and topical

metabolized by hepatic P450

36
Q

Flucytosine

A

well absorbed/distributed

renally eliminated

37
Q

Griseofulvin

A

poor po absorption, give with fatty meal

38
Q

Acyclovir

A

topical, oral, IV formulations

renal excretion

39
Q

Valacyclovir

A

renal excretion

40
Q

Entecavir

A

oral absorption

slow renal excretion

41
Q

Tenofovir

A

given as pro-drug

excreted by kidneys

42
Q

Interferon-α

A

parenteral administration

renal elimination

43
Q

Ribavirin

A 
aerosol administration, good po
long t(1/2)
44
Q

Telaprevir, Boceprevir

A

oral absorption, best with food

45
Q

Sufosbuvir

A

po w/ or w/out food

renal excretion after inactivation

46
Q

Emtricitabine

A

orally
renal excretion
intracellular t(1/2) exceeds plasma t(1/2)

47
Q

Efavirenz

A

good po

metabolized by/inhibits P450

48
Q

Atazanavir

A

po
metabolized by P450 enzymes
DDI with CYP3A4

49
Q

Darunavir

A

po
metabolized by P450 enzymes
DDI with CYP3A4

50
Q

Ritonavir

A

po
metabolized by P450 enzymes
MOST POTENT CYP3A4 P450 inhibitor

51
Q

Raltegravir

A

rapid oral absorption

eliminated by hepatic glucouronidation

52
Q

Enfuvirtide

A

BID SC injection

elim by liver/kidney peptidases

53
Q

Maraviroc

A

po
substrate for CYP3A4
fecal and renal excretion

D&D Drugs (7 decks)

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