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Quarterlies 3 sala ni ni Pinkyyyy nga naay exam > DRR > Flashcards

DRR Flashcards

1
Q

refers to the factor, such as physical, social, economic, and environmental, that increases the susceptibility to the impact of a hazard.

A

Vulnerability

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2
Q

Happens when probable destructive agent, the hazard, hits a vulnerable populated area.

A

Disaster

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3
Q

Hits an uninhabited area, does not qualify as a disaster. It becomes a disaster if it hits a vulnerable population and properties – In short, if there are victims.

A

Natural Event

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4
Q

Anything that impose risk

A

Hazard

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5
Q

5 Natural Events

A

Geologic
Atmospheric
Hydrologic
Biologic
Human Induced or man made

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6
Q

Earthquakes (Vibrations, ground rupture, liquefaction, earthquake-induced landslides, tsunami)
Volcanic eruption (Lava flow, volcanic gas, pyroclastic flow, tephra fall, lahar, volcanic debris, avalanche)
Rain-fall induced landslides
Rapid sediment movement
Subsidence
Sinkhole formation
Impacts with space objects

A

Geologic

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7
Q

Floods (River and coastal)
Wave action
Drought
Rapid Glacier Advance

A

Hydrologic

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8
Q

Typhoons or hurricanes
Thunderstorms
Excessive rainfall
Tornadoes
Heavy snowfall
Hail
Blizzards
“Glaze” storms
Freezing rain
High wind speeds
Extreme temps
Lightning

A

Atmospheric

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9
Q

Epidemics in humans
Epidemics in plants
Epidemics in animals
Locusts

A

Biologic

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10
Q
  • Transport accidents
  • Industrial explosions and fires
  • Accidental release of toxic chems, radiological material, biologic material, oil, etc.
  • Nuclear accidents
  • Collapse of public buildings
  • WMD (Biological, nuclear, incendiary, chemical, and explosive)
  • Computer viruses (Trojan horse program)
A

Man-made

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11
Q

The risk associated with disasters, can be estimated and can be expressed either quantitatively or in relative terms. This provides a of comparing past and future disasters.

A

Disaster Risk

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12
Q

When more people encroach on hazardous areas and urban centers continue to grow along the path of hazard events, the magnitude of disasters is expected to increase.

A

Elements of disaster Risk

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13
Q

Disaster Risk Model

A

Disaster Risk = function (Hazard, Exposure, Vulnerability)

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14
Q

Estimating Disaster Risk

A

Displacement Risk = Hazard x Exposure x Vulnerability

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15
Q

being aware of the nature of hazards and what

A

Nature and Effect

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16
Q

CHARACTERISTICS OF DISASTERS

A

Knows no political boundaries.

Requires restructured and new responding organizations.

Creates new tasks and requires more people as disaster respondents.

Renders inutile routine emergency responses equipment and facilities.

Worsen confusion in understanding the roles of people and organizations.

Exposes lack of disaster planning, response and coordination.

Inexperienced disaster organizations often fail to see what their proper roles are.

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17
Q

Impacts of Disaster- can be carried through one’s life

A

Medical Effects (injuries, death, pandemic)

Damage to critical facilities (Hospitals, communication institution, electrical facilities, water facilities, public & private buildings.)

Disruption of transportation (Roads)
Economic Impact

Global environmental Change (Wild fires, landslides)

Social and pollical Impacts

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18
Q

Key Parameters of Hazard

A

Magnitude and Intensity
Speed of onset
Duration

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19
Q

are the potentials for damage to man and his environment that may result from the occurrence of natural events or human activities.

A

Hazards

20
Q

> An event per se does not constitute a hazard.

A

Hazards

21
Q

➤It is only when man and his environment are threatened that these events can be considered _________

A

Hazards

22
Q

➤The probabilities of occurrence of hazard events can be estimated.

A

Hazards

23
Q

➤Floods, for example, have been monitored and recorded over many years and so the likelihood of occurrence of these is known.

A

Hazards

24
Q

> The various hazards we are exposed to at home or at school are so common that we tend to overlook these for varied reasons.

A

Types of hazards

25
Q

➤Learning to deal with bigger hazards starts with the smaller ones in our immediate surroundings.

A

Types of hazards

26
Q

is a measure of its strength and is an indication of how destructive it can be.

A

Magnitude

27
Q

measures the event’s impacts on the ground, on people, and on structures.

A

Intensity

28
Q

measures the amount of seismic energy released in an earthquake

A

Richter magnitude scale

29
Q

measures the relative explosiveness of eruptions based mainly on visual observations

A

Volcanic Explositivity index

30
Q

measures the earthquake intensity

A

> Mercalli Scale and Rossi-Forel Scale

31
Q

the most important aspects of hazards. > The more predictable an event is, the lesser the chance of incurring casualties.

> Earthquakes, landslides, and f ash f bods usually occur without warning.

➤ Tsunamis and volcanic eruptions can have warning periods of minutes to hours as long as warning systems are in place.

A

Speed of onset

32
Q

Once the onset of the hazard event is known, the __________ also becomes a concern as the chance of experiencing severe damage will depend on how long the hazard affects an area.

A

Duration

33
Q

is the process of estimating, for def hed areas, the probabilities of the occurrence of potentially-damaging phenomenon of given magnitude within a specified period of time.”- United Nations Disaster Relief Organization (UNDRO)

A

Hazard Assessment

34
Q

Data from past historical records and from those derived from basic scientific principles are used to come up with the relationship between the variables considered.

A

Quantitative approach

35
Q

instead of representing with numbers, this method uses expert opinion in ranking relative terms (e.g., high, moderate, and low, and so on) the intensity or probability of occurrence of a hazard event.

A

Qualitative Approach

36
Q

it provides an objective estimate of the probability of each hazard affecting an area or region by considering past records of events.

A

Probabilistic Approach

37
Q

this is a more subjective approach to estimating probability. The use of deterministic hazard assessment avoids the under- estimation of hazards at a site.

A

Deterministic Approach

38
Q

is the process of identifying the spatial variation of hazard events or physical conditions (e.g., potential ground shaking, steep slopes, flood plains, and hazardous materials sites).

A

Hazard mapping

39
Q

is quite useful in communicating vital information about the spatial variation of size and potential intensity of a particular hazard.

A

Hazard map

40
Q

Dimensions of Exposure

A
  • Physical
  • Social
  • Economics
  • environmental
41
Q

Industrial and high potential loss facilities and facilities contain hazardous materials
Essential facilities
Industrial lifelines
Transport lifelines
Utility lifelines

A

Physical

42
Q

UNISDRS

A

United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction Secretariat

43
Q

Factors of Vulnerability

A
  • physical
  • social
  • economic
  • environmental
44
Q
  • determined by population, density level, remoteness, the site, design, and materials used for infrastructure.
A

Physical

45
Q

PWD
Seniors
Women Single
Children
Medication dependent
Unemployed
Ethnic Minorities
Homeless
Incarcerated individuals
Marginalized groups

A

Social

46
Q

susceptibility of individuals, communities, business and government to absorb the effects of hazard

A

Economics

47
Q

Rapid urbanization in hazard areas more vulnerable to disaster risk

A

Environmental

Quarterlies 3 sala ni ni Pinkyyyy nga naay exam (8 decks)

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